Soil CO2 exchange controlled by the interaction of biocrust successional stage and environmental variables in two semiarid ecosystems

Guevara, Mónica Ladrón de; Chamizo, Sonia; Rodríguez‐Caballero, Emilio; Ortega, Raúl; Wesemael, Bas van; Cantón, Yolanda

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.020

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The predominance of the respiration over the photosynthesis processes shown in the metagenome of the biocrusts are parallel to the results found by [4] in which cyanobacterial biocrusts acted as CO 2 emission sources most of the year at Tabernas desert and Cabo de Gata (Southeast Spain). Respiration overshadowed photosynthesis in cyanobacteria-dominated biocrusts especially following rainfalls after the long dry summer period.…”

Section: Taxonomic Groups and Functional Genes Involved In The Carbonsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Cyanobacteria dominating the biocrusts are extremophiles primary colonizers organisms which improve soil conditions and fertility in dryland regions [3]. They are also able to x CO 2 [4] and N 2 [5], and release to the soils a wide variety of substances such as carbohydrates, polyphenols, sucrose, glucose [6], exopolysaccharides [7], phosphorus, phytormones, vitamins [8], antimicrobial compounds [9], and other biochemical metabolites including scytonemin, mycosporine-like amino acid, among other [10,11]. The leaching of these compounds to the underlying soils provides a favourable and selective microhabitat for a wide diversity of soil bacterial communities [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studying the Microbiome of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts From Drylands and Its Functional Influence on Biogeochemical Cycles

Ortega

Montero-Calasanz

2021

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Background: Drylands are areas under continuous degradation and desertification largely covered by cyanobacterial biocrusts. Several studies have already shown that soil microorganisms play a fundamental role in the correct soil functioning. Nevertheless, little is known about the relationship taxonomy-function in arid soils and, in particular, in cyanobacterial biocrusts. An in-depth study of the taxonomic composition and the functions carried out by soil microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles was here carried out by using a shotgun metagenomic approach. Results: Metagenomic analysis carried out in this study showed a high taxonomic and functional similarity in both incipient and mature cyanobacterial biocrusts types with a dominance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria. The predominant functional categories related to soil biogeochemical cycles were “carbon metabolism” followed by “phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur, potassium and iron metabolism”. Reads involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and respiration were the most abundant functional classes. In the N cycle dominated “ammonia assimilation” and “Nitrate and nitrite ammonification”. The major taxonomic groups also seemed to drive phosphorus and potassium cycling by the production of organic acids and the presence of extracellular enzymes and specialised transporters. Sulfur assimilation was also predominantly led by actinobacteria via the acquisition of sulfur from organosulfonated compounds. The main strategy followed for iron uptake seemed to be the synthesis and release of siderophores, mostly derived from representatives of the genus Pseudomonas. Conclusions: The absence of significant differences between both type of biocrusts was suggested to be due to the identical habitat-specific characteristics, the inherent variability associated with metagenomic sampling and experimental design limitations. There is metabolic diversity of respiration processes over the photosynthesis, but a diverse group of microorganisms, predominantly Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were also involved in CO2 fixation metabolism. A preferential uptake of ammonium over nitrate as an economic strategy to avoid the high consumption of ATP was confirmed. Moreover, the functional redundancy presented by the microbial community was interpreted as a strategy to maintain the correct functioning of the soil biogeochemical cycles and therefore of the ecosystem in general. Evidence of sythrophic growth was nevertheless observed. Biotechnological potential as plant growth promoters was also identified.

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Section: Taxonomic Groups and Functional Genes Involved In The Carbonsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Microbiome of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts From Drylands and Its Functional Influence on Biogeochemical Cycles

Ortega

Montero-Calasanz

2021

Preprint

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“…Cyanobacteria filaments bind soil aggregates and create a stable surface layer that facilitates the path for colonization by other biocrust organisms such as lichens and mosses (Deng et al, 2020). Cyanobacteria fix CO 2 (Miralles et al, 2018) and some species are able to fix N 2 , increasing soil organic matter and nutrient content (Mager and Thomas, 2011). They also release a wide array of substances in the soil such as growth-promoting regulators, vitamins, amino acids, polypeptides, biotins, proteins, and sugars that contribute to soil fertility and act as biocontrol agents against plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi and micro-algae (Singh et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exopolysaccharide Features Influence Growth Success in Biocrust-forming Cyanobacteria, Moving From Liquid Culture to Sand Microcosms

et al. 2020

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“…Regardless of taxonomic composition, all these studies identified biocrusts as a biodiverse (Concostrina-Zubiri et al, 2014a; Blanco-Sacristan et al, 2019) and multifunctional component of Spanish drylands (Maestre et al, 2011) that controls biogeochemical cycles (i.e. Castillo-Monroy et al, 2010;Maestre et al, 2013;Delgado-Baquerizo et al, 2010;Escolar et al, 2015;Miralles et al, 2018), regulates water availability (i.e. Chamizo et al, 2013aChamizo et al, , 2016Cantón et al, 2020), and protects soil from water erosion (Lazaro et al, 2008;Chamizo et al, 2012c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of them elucidate the potential benefits of biocrust maintenance for regulating services through processes such as atmospheric CO2 fixation (i.e. Maestre et al, 2013;Miralles et al, 2018) and other biogeochemical fluxes that affect soil fertility (García-Palacios et al, 2011;Chamizo et al, 2013a), erosion control (Rodriguez-Caballero et al, 2018c; Chamizo et al, 2012b), or water regulation (i.e. Eldridge et al, 2010;Chamizo et al, 2016;Rodriguez-Caballero et al, 2018c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying social–ecological gaps to promote biocrust conservation actions

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Globally, most bare-looking areas in dryland regions are covered by biocrusts which play a crucial role in modifying several soil surface properties and driving key ecosystem processes. These keystone communities face important threats (e.g. climate change) that place their conservation at risk and in turn the sustainability of the ecosystems they inhabit. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop ecosystem management strategies to ensure their protection. However, to provide a solid path towards biocrust conservation, the understanding by stakeholders and governance structures of the ecological functions of these communities, their role as benefit providers, and the pressures threatening their important effects are indispensable. Whereas the ecological scope of biocrust has been widely studied in the last decades, the social dimension of their role remained unexplored. By reviewing literature in biocrusts from a social–ecological approach, here we identified knowledge gaps and new research areas that need to be addressed in order to produce scientific knowledge that better guides dryland conservation policies and actions. This research agenda is a prerequisite to advance biocrust conservation.

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Soil CO2 exchange controlled by the interaction of biocrust successional stage and environmental variables in two semiarid ecosystems

Cited by 47 publications

References 82 publications

Studying the Microbiome of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts From Drylands and Its Functional Influence on Biogeochemical Cycles

Studying the Microbiome of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts From Drylands and Its Functional Influence on Biogeochemical Cycles

Exopolysaccharide Features Influence Growth Success in Biocrust-forming Cyanobacteria, Moving From Liquid Culture to Sand Microcosms

Identifying social–ecological gaps to promote biocrust conservation actions

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