Soil contamination by brominated flame retardants in open waste dumping sites in Asian developing countries

Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in surface soils from coastal cities in North China: Correlation between diastereoisomer profiles and industrial activities

“…g-HBCDD's predominance was reported in rural area in Beijing (Thanh et al, 2013) and Shanghai (Meng et al, 2011), but the ratio of g-HBCDD in Beijing (59%) was relatively low compared to Shanghai (70%). The variation of diastereoisomer profiles in soils was also reported in South Asian countries (Eguchi et al, 2013).…”

Occurrence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural soils in a BFR-manufacturing region of North China

“…HBCD mean concentrations of 0.22-9.99 ng/g in industrial soils from South China (Gao et al, 2011) and a mean concentration of 0.02 ng/g in background soils in East China have been reported (Meng et al, 2011). The HBCD concentrations in soils at open waste dumping sites in Asian developing countries (with means of 0.04-0.54 ng/g) (Eguchi et al, 2012) were also low. High levels have been found in soils from point-source sites in Europe (110-23,200 ng/g) (Petersen et al, 2004).…”

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and heavy metals in road dusts from a plastic waste recycling area in north China: implications for human health

“…Typically, PBDE concentrations are much higher in e-wastes than in plastic wastes (Tang et al 2014). PBDEs released by crude e-waste processing reflect the extremely destructive methods used to recover valuable materials from e-waste, such as acid washing and burning (Leung et al 2007;Eguchi et al 2013). However, BDE-209 and Σ 21 PBDE concentrations in the dusts in our study area were comparable to concentrations observed in road dusts from e-waste recycling sites (Wang et al 2010;Leung et al 2011).…”