Soil coverage evolution and wind erosion risk on summer crops under contrasting tillage systems

Méndez, Mariano Javier; Buschiazzo, Daniel Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.12.002

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Research on wind erosion has been done by scholars at home and abroad. Factors that influence wind erosion can be summed up as vegetation status/coverage (Mendez and Buschiazzo, 2015), soil conditions (Bu et al, 2015;Bergametti et al, 2016) and wind speed (Kang et al, 2012;He et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies focusing on the ecological effect of erosion control structures such as windbreaks (Yan et al, 2011) concluded that surface roughness increased with vegetation coverage increasing (in the form of a power function), while wind erosion rate increased with decreasing vegetation coverage (in the form of an exponential function). Mendez and Buschiazzo (2015) demonstrated that wind erosion could be effectively controlled even by a very limited vegetation coverage. The porosity of vegetation was found to be a major factor determining the sediment capturing capacity, and the threshold porosity value for maximum dust capturing efficiency was about 20% (Raupach et al, 2001;Zhao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive effects of wind speed, vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in a temperate desert steppe, Inner Mongolia of China

et al. 2018

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The rapid desertification of grasslands in Inner Mongolia of China poses a significant ecological threaten to northern China. The combined effects of anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., overgrazing) and biophysical processes (e.g., soil erosion) have led to vegetation degradation and the consequent acceleration of regional desertification. Thus, mitigating the accelerated wind erosion, a cause and effect of grassland desertification, is critical for the sustainable management of grasslands. Here, a combination of mobile wind tunnel experiments and wind erosion model was used to explore the effects of different levels of vegetation coverage, soil moisture and wind speed on wind erosion at different positions of a slope inside an enclosed desert steppe in the Xilamuren grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results indicated a significant spatial difference in wind erosion intensities depending on the vegetation coverage, with a strong decreasing trend from the top to the base of the slope. Increasing vegetation coverage resulted in a rapid decrease in wind erosion as explained by a power function correlation. Vegetation coverage was found to be a dominant control on wind erosion by increasing the surface roughness and by lowering the threshold wind velocity for erosion. The critical vegetation coverage required for effectively controlling wind erosion was found to be higher than 60%. Further, the wind erosion rates were negatively correlated with surface soil moisture and the mass flux in aeolian sand transport increased with increasing wind speed. We developed a mathematical model of wind erosion based on the results of an orthogonal array design. The results from the model simulation indicated that the standardized regression coefficients of the main effects of the three factors (vegetation coverage, soil moisture and wind speed) on the mass flux in aeolian sand transport were in the following order: wind speed>vegetation coverage>soil moisture. These three factors had different levels of interactive effects on the mass flux in aeolian sand transport. Our results will improve the understanding of the interactive effects of wind speed, vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in desert steppes, and will be helpful for the design of desertification control programs in future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of wind speed, vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in a temperate desert steppe, Inner Mongolia of China

et al. 2018

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“…Argentina has 220 million ha of land in semiarid and arid climates (Fryrear, ), of which approximately 30 million ha is affected by wind erosion (PROSA, ). Previous studies have shown that wind erosion in the semiarid central Pampa region causes losses of 5 to 1,850 kg ha −1 of winter crops and 0 to 17,500 kg ha −1 of summer crops (Mendez, ; Mendez & Buschiazzo, ). These studies also showed that even in direct sowing, wind erosion can exceed the allowed thresholds of 700 kg ha −1 in both summer and winter crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in wind‐blown material under field conditions

et al. 2018

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Agricultural intensification in fragile arid and semiarid environments has led to an increase in soil degradation, mainly through wind erosion. Argentina is an agricultural and cattle‐farming country, which has increased its productivity in the last few decades, widening the boundaries of farm land and the use of herbicides to control weeds. Glyphosate, which accounts for 65% of the Argentinian pesticides market, is strongly retained in soil. The World Health Organization concluded that there was evidence to classify glyphosate as ‘probably carcinogenic to humans.’ In this context, the objective of this study was to determine the presence and concentration of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in wind‐blown material in 3 areas in Argentine semiarid regions (Chaco, La Pampa, and San Luis). In 1‐ha2 plots, left uncovered and levelled, the wind‐blown material was collected at heights of 13.5, 50, and 150 cm during 18 erosion events. The wind‐blown material carried by the wind at a height of 150 cm had concentrations of 247 and 218 μg kg−1 of glyphosate and AMPA, respectively. This material was enriched 60 times in glyphosate and 3 times in AMPA as compared with the original soil. This shows that the eroded material can, potentially, have a negative impact on the ecosystem and also on human health, depending on the proportion of this material released into the atmosphere in suspension as particulate matter. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to report concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA in wind‐blown material under field conditions.

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“…Farmers in the region eliminate the spring tillage to avoid the burial of residue remained from previous cultivation and to allow the natural standing plant cover to provide further protection at soil surface against erosive spring winds. Thereafter, in late April, they generally suppress the natural plant cover using herbicides to increase the water storage and to control the evapotranspiration and increase the residue cover and soil organic C. However, the effectiveness of the natural plant cover as a result of the elimination of spring tillage on agricultural soil losses and its consequent effect on the agricultural water availability has not been properly investigated (Mendez and Buschiazzo, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharratt et al (2012) reported 0.15, 2, and 15 times greater estimated sediment transport from conventional tillage than those for reduced, minimum and no‐tillage, respectively. However, the effectiveness of no‐tillage system in preserving the soil resources is closely tied with its potential to retain sufficient and long‐lasting residue cover (Mendez and Buschiazzo, 2015) at the soil surface. Otherwise, it may even upsurge the wind erosion potential through enhancing the availability of loose material and providing a longer transport distance for detached particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fallow Tillage Management on Aeolian Soil Losses in Semiarid Central Anatolia, Turkey

Nouri

Youssef

Başaran

et al. 2018

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Core Ideas• Eliminating fallow tillage increased the natural plant cover at the soil surface.• Increased natural plant cover did not significantly decrease the aeolian soil losses.• Event-based vertical distribution of soil losses were related to the upwind plant characteristics. ABSTRACTIn semiarid Central Anatolia Turkey, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planted under a conservation tillage system undergoes a no-till fallow phase to reduce aeolian soil losses by maintaining the natural plant cover. This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of natural vegetation cover in relation to tillage-induced soil surface properties in reducing the wind erosion during the fallow periods. Climatic parameters at experimental plots subjected to no fallow tillage (NFT) and conventional fallow tillage (CFT) (disk) managements were measured and friction velocity (u * ) and aerodynamic roughness (z 0 ) over four high wind events (wind velocities >5.7 ms -1 at 2 m high) were determined. Sediment fluxes at each management were measured using 20 sampling posts each holding five vertically placed sediment traps. Spatial dynamics of soil fluxes were related to the soil surface properties and the vegetation characteristics (coverage and configuration). Spatial variations in upwind vegetation characteristics were significantly (p < 0.05) related to the mass fluxes up to 40 cm above the soil surface. However, greater vegetation cover in NFT did not result in significant reductions in mass transport rate compared with CFT. This can be explained by substantially greater (>360%) loose material in NFT due to the dissipation of wheat residue during the early fallow period (23% in late March) and longer transport distance due to a lower surface roughness. These results corroborate that the elimination of fallow tillage alone may not generate sufficient natural vegetation cover to effectively reduce aeolian soil losses in fallow periods of winter wheat cropping systems. , average wind velocity at height z; VFS, very fine sand; WS avg , average wind speed; WS max , maximum wind speed; z 0 , aerodynamic roughness height; z 0rr , aerodynamic roughness of random roughness.

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Soil coverage evolution and wind erosion risk on summer crops under contrasting tillage systems

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Interactive effects of wind speed, vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in a temperate desert steppe, Inner Mongolia of China

Interactive effects of wind speed, vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in a temperate desert steppe, Inner Mongolia of China

Glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in wind‐blown material under field conditions

The Effect of Fallow Tillage Management on Aeolian Soil Losses in Semiarid Central Anatolia, Turkey

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