Soil drainage and distribution of VAM fungi in two toposequences

Khalil, Samina; Loynachan, T. E.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(94)90105-8

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Major portions of AMF spores occurring in field soils are either dead or spore cases (MUTHUKUMAR and UDAIYAN 1999) and the spore numbers presented in this study are only for intact spores. The lack of correlation between %RLTC and spore numbers agrees with the observations of VALSALAKUMAR et al (2007) in Phaseolus aureus, ZAHKA et al (1995) in Acer saccharum, KHALIL and LOYNACHAN (1994) in Glycine max and SASAI (1992) in cultivated plants of Miyagi prefecture, Japan. Such a lack of correlation between AMF colonization and spore numbers indicate that the factors influencing these variables are totally different.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Priyadharsini¹,

Pandey²,

Muthukumar³

2012

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-We examined roots of the shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum), one of the most popular cultivated crops of the family Aliaceae, cultivated under conventional agriculture for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) and dark septate fungal endophyte (DSE) associations. All the plants had dual colonization of both AMF and DSE associations. The intermediate-type AMF morphology in the shallot is the first report of this AMF type for the family Aliaceae. The extents of total AMF and DSE colonization ranged from 20.7 to 67.3% and 3.6 to 35.3% respectively and varied significantly among fields. Though no significant relationship existed between total AMF and DSE variables, they were correlated to the soil variables. Significant correlations existed between soil P and microscelerotia and also between soils N and K and AMF spore numbers. A total of six AMF spore morphotype belonging to Glomus and Scutellospora were identified. Scutellospora calospora was the most dominant morphotype in the studied fields.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Priyadharsini¹,

Pandey²,

Muthukumar³

2012

Acta Botanica Croatica

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“…Apart from soil factors, the spore density is influenced by the species of AMF infecting crop plants (Khalil & Loynachan 1994). The previous crop may also have a major role in determining the spore density in soil (Diaza et al 1992).…”

Section: Spore Density In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in sesame under low-input cropping systems

Harikumar

2014

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

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The abundance and composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are generally low under managed agroecosystems in comparison to natural ecosystems. The objective of the study was to determine the composition and species richness of AMF associated with sesame under traditional low-input cropping system in Kerala, India. Wide variability in root colonization by AMF as well as spore density in the rhizosphere existed in sesame. Correlation between frequency of colonization (F%) and spore density as well as between these variables and soil characteristics showed a negative relationship. The fungal variables were influenced by soil factors such as pH, soil organic carbon (OC) and available nutrients. Frequency of colonization was positively correlated (P < 0.01) with soil pH and potassium (K) and negatively correlated with OC, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). AM spore density was positively correlated with OC, N and P and negatively correlated with pH and K. Ten taxa of AMF belonging to the genera Acaulospora, Diversispora, Funneliformis, Gigaspora, Glomus and Scutellospora were associated with sesame, with the predominance of Funneliformis and Acaulospora in both frequency and relative abundance over a wider soil nutrient range. Soil characteristics appear to have a profound influence on the composition and species richness of AMF under traditional low-input cropping systems.

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“…On the other hand, systematically more AMF spores were sometimes found in poorly drained (frequently flooded) soils than in well-drained soils, whereas root colonization of plants was not dependent on soil drainage. This probably indicated a shift in the life history traits of native AMF communities -with the AMF in poorly drained soils forming spores capable of surviving anoxic events (Khalil & Loynachan 1994). Anoxic conditions may specifically promote the development of bacterial plant pathogens (Sturz et al 1997) that may, in turn -directly or indirectly -impair mycorrhizal symbiosis.…”

Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of agricultural practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2006

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with the majority of land plants, including many important agricultural crops. These fungi facilitate plant nutrient uptake, promote soil aggregation and use a significant portion of reduced carbon from the plants. AMF functional traits differ considerably among and within species, meaning that functional properties of a mycorrhizal community depend on its composition. Here we review studies exploring the effects of agricultural practices such as tillage, crop rotation, fertilization, pesticide application, irrigation and grazing on AMF communities. Although it is difficult to generalize the results of studies performed under different soil and climatic conditions, some universal patterns emerge. For example, soil tillage reduces the abundance of Scutellospora spp.; phosphorus fertilization lowers the extent of AMF root colonization; and diversification of crops results in more diverse AMF communities. We now need to design simple and reliable field tests for quantifying the effects of AMF communities on crop growth, yields and sustainability of the agro-ecosystems.

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Soil drainage and distribution of VAM fungi in two toposequences

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungal associations in shallot (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum) under conventional agriculture

Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in sesame under low-input cropping systems

The effects of agricultural practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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