Soil emergence of Drosophila suzukii adults: a susceptible period for entomopathogenic nematodes infection

Garriga, Anna; Morton, Ana; Ribes, Albert; Pino, Fernando García del

doi:10.1007/s10340-019-01182-w

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Also, in agreement with our study, S. riobrave was reported to cause high levels of pupal mortality in another fruit fly A. fraterculus (Barbosa-Negrisoli et al, 2009). In contrast, other studies did not observe pupal infection among different species of fruit flies when exposed to various EPNs strains (Yee and Lacey, 2003;Malan and Manrakhan, 2009;Langford et al, 2014;Garriga et al, 2020). For example, Yee and Lacey (2003) did not observe any pupal mortality in R. indifferens when treated with S. carpocapsae, S. interdium, and S. feltiae.…”

Section: Controlsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Numerous studies have been conducted to measure EPN efficacy against tephritids including Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Stark and Lacey, 1999;Yee and Lacey, 2003), Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Kepenekci et al, 2015), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Karagoz et al, 2009;Malan and Manrakhan, 2009;Rohde et al, 2010), several Anastrepha species (Toledo et al, 2005(Toledo et al, , 2006(Toledo et al, , 2009Barbosa-Negrisoli et al, 2009;Heve et al, 2017Heve et al, , 2018 as well as Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Lindegren and Vail, 1986), Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Sirjani et al, 2009;Langford et al, 2014), and Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) (Cuthbertson et al, 2014;Garriga et al, 2018Garriga et al, , 2020. To the best of our knowledge, no previous research has been conducted on the efficacy of EPNs against R. pomonella.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Usman

Gulzar

Wakil

et al. 2020

Journal of Nematology

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The apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered a key pest of apples and is native to the eastern United States. The virulence of seven different species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) was assessed against pupae of R. pomonella under laboratory conditions. Nematode species and strains included Steinernema carpocapsae (ALL strain), Steinernema feltiae (SN strain), Steinernema riobrave (355 strain), Steinernema glaseri (VS strain), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (VS strain), Heterorhabditis indica (HOM1 strain), and Heterorhabditis megidis (UK211 strain). We conducted three bioassays: (i) short-term exposure cup bioassay (7 d), (ii) long-term cup bioassay (30 d), and (iii) pot bioassay (30 d). In the short-term exposure bioassay, all nematode strains (applied at 54 infective juvenile nematodes (IJs) cm −2) significantly reduced (range: 42.9-73.8%) insect survival relative to the control, but no differences were observed among the treatments. For the longterm exposure bioassay, using the same EPN application rate as the short exposure assay, all treatments reduced adult R. pomonella emergence compared with the control. Steinernema riobrave was the most virulent (28.3% survival), and S. glaseri and H. megidis were the least virulent (53.3% survival). In the pot experiment, S. riobrave and S. carpocapsae (applied at 27 IJs cm −2) had the highest virulence (23.3 and 31.7% survival of R. pomonella, respectively), while H. bacteriophora was the least effective (68.33% survival). Our results indicate that S. riobrave, S. carpocapsae, and S. feltiae have substantial potential to attack R. pomonella pupae, and their field application under the tree canopy (prior to adult emergence) in the spring when temperatures are conducive might be a good option for successful IPM of apple maggot fly.

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Section: Controlsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Usman

Gulzar

Wakil

et al. 2020

Journal of Nematology

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“…The third stage of D. suzukii larvae used for all assays was obtained from a laboratory culture of specimens collected in Catalonia (NE Spain) in 2012. These insects were reared on a Drosophila diet [37] and maintained in a climate chamber at 25 • C, 45% RH, and a 12:12 h photoperiod.…”

Section: Insects and Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies with larvae of D. suzukii showed a strong immune response of encapsulation to parasitoid eggs of Leptopilina heterotoma Thompson (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) that discourages their use for controlling the pest [32,33]. Instead, pupal parasitoids, entomopathogenic fungi, and EPNs achieved better results controlling the fly under laboratory conditions [34][35][36][37]. Susceptibility of D. suzukii larvae was evaluated against different EPN species, as S. carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) [36].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Response of Drosophila suzukii Larvae to Infection with the Nematobacterial Complex Steinernema carpocapsae–Xenorhabdus nematophila

Garriga

Mastore

Morton

et al. 2020

Insects

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Entomopathogenic nematodes have been proposed as biological agents for the control of Drosophila suzukii, an invasive pest of small-stone and soft-skinned fruits. Larvae of the fly are susceptible to Steinernema carpocapsae infection but the reaction of immune defenses of the host are unknown. To determine the immune response, larvae were infected with S. carpocapsae and Xenorhabdus nematophila to evaluate the effector mechanisms of both humoral and cellular processes. The symbiont bacteria presented an inhibitory effect on the phenoloxidase cascade with a low level of melanization. Besides, X. nematophila activated the synthesis of putative antimicrobial peptides on the hemolymph of infected larvae. However, those peptides presented a lower antimicrobial activity compared to hemolymph from larvae infected with non-symbiont bacteria. Xenorhabdus nematophila avoided also the phagocytosis response of hemocytes. During in vitro and in vivo assays, S. carpocapsae was not encapsulated by cells, unless the cuticle was damaged with a lipase-treatment. Hemocyte counts confirmed differentiation of lamellocytes in the early phase of infection despite the unrecognition of the nematodes. Both X. nematophila and S. carpocapsae avoided the cellular defenses of D. suzukii larvae and depressed the humoral response. These results confirmed the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes to control D. suzukii.

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“…This can help to determine the action sites of these compounds on insects. However, considering that these findings has not been fully explained, we are aware that new tests, focused especially on the selectivity of these botanists over natural enemies intentionally released 63 , 64 and naturally present in the environment 65 , 66 , may in the future subsidize methods for integrating natural enemies and the development of EO-based biopesticides. Despite this, the use of these substances as such has limitations due to flammability, low dispersion in water, phytotoxicity 67 – 69 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal and oviposition deterrent effects of essential oils of Baccharis spp. and histological assessment against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Souza

Bernardi

Melo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The diverse flora of the Atlantic Forest is fertile ground for discovering new chemical structures with insecticidal activity. The presence of species belonging to the genus Baccharis is of particular interest, as these species have shown promise in pest management applications. The objective of this study is to chemically identify the constituents expressed in the leaves of seven species of Baccharis (B. anomala DC., B. calvescens DC., B. mesoneura DC., B. milleflora DC., B. oblongifolia Pers., B. trimera (Less) DC. and B. uncinella DC.) and to evaluate the toxicological and morphological effects caused by essential oils (EOs) on the larvae and adults of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Chemical analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) indicated that limonene was the main common constituent in all Baccharis species. This constituent in isolation, as well as the EOs of B. calvescens, B. mesoneura, and B. oblongifolia, caused mortality in over 80% of adults of D. suzukii at a discriminatory concentration of 80 mg L−1 in bioassays of ingestion and topical application. These results are similar to the effect of spinosyn-based synthetic insecticides (spinetoram 75 mg L−1) 120 h after exposure. Limonene and EOs from all species had the lowest LC50 and LC90 values relative to spinosyn and azadirachtin (12 g L−1) in both bioassays. However, they showed the same time toxicity over time as spinetoram when applied to adults of D. suzukii (LT50 ranging from 4.6 to 8.7 h) in a topical application bioassay. In olfactometry tests, 92% of D. suzukii females showed repellent behavior when exposed to the EOs and limonene. Likewise, the EOs of B. calvescens, B. mesoneura, and B. oblongifolia significantly reduced the number of eggs in artificial fruits (≅ 7.6 eggs fruit−1), differing from the control treatment with water (17.2 eggs fruit−1) and acetone (17.6 eggs fruit−1). According to histological analyses, the L3 larvae of D. suzukii had morphological and physiological alterations and deformations after exposure to treatments containing EOs and limonene, which resulted in high larval, pupal, and adult mortality. In view of the results, Baccharis EOs and their isolated constituent, limonene, proved to be promising alternatives for developing bioinsecticides to manage of D. suzukii.

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Soil emergence of Drosophila suzukii adults: a susceptible period for entomopathogenic nematodes infection

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes against the pupal stage of the apple maggot Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Immune Response of Drosophila suzukii Larvae to Infection with the Nematobacterial Complex Steinernema carpocapsae–Xenorhabdus nematophila

Insecticidal and oviposition deterrent effects of essential oils of Baccharis spp. and histological assessment against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

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