Soil Fertility Level and Cropping Practices Determining Soybean Yield in Northern East and Center of Benin

Abstract

Soybean is a food security crop in Benin due to its high nutritional value but its yield in the farmers’ cropping system is very low. The present study aims to provide appropriate response to the yield variability among fields in two agro-ecological zones of Benin namely: Southern Borgou zone (AEZ 3 in the north) and cotton zone of central Benin (AEZ 5). Soil samples were collected from 0-20 cm depth in 120 fields (50 in the AEZ 3 and 70 in the AEZ 5). pH (water), soil organic carbon (Walkley and Black method), total nitrogen (Kjeldahl method), CEC (0.01 N ammonium acetate at pH 7 method) and available phosphorus (Bray 1) were determined in the laboratory of Soil Science Water and Environment (LSSEE) of the National Agricultural Research Institute of Benin (INRAB). Cropping system (crop rotations, soil fertility management practices) were also collected using an open ended questionnaire. Classification and regression trees (CARTs) models were used for data analyses. Soybean yield variability among the agro-ecological zones were registered and the highest yield recorded was less than 1 t.ha-1. Considering soil characteristics, soil organic matter level was the most important variable determining yield variability. Furthermore, quantities of P applied and farmyard manure were cropping practices inducing yield variability (86.4% and 15% of the variability respectively). Our results also show that, yield differences noticed among the agro-ecological zones were induced by CEC and pH (water). The study suggested promotion of integrated soil fertility management practices to sustain soybean yield in the study area.

Knowledge and Management Strategies of Farmers to Safeguard Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Against Viral Diseases in Benin

“…The survey was carried out in three (3) main agroecological zones (AEZ) of sweetpotato production (AEZ II, VI and VIII) in Benin. According to Gbemavo et al (2014), Chabi et al (2019), and MCVDD (2020), AEZ II brings together the Townships of Banikoara, Gogounou, Kandi, Kerou, Segbana and is characterized by a cultural season, extending from May to September, a tropical ferruginous soil more or less sandy, a rainfall of 900-1000 mm and a temperature varying from 28 to 45°C. Called "bar land zone" because of the characteristics of these soils, AEZ VI is located in the southern part of Benin and includes the Townships of Abomey, Abomey-Calavi, Adjarra, Agbagnizoun, Akpro-Misserete, Allada, Avrankou, Bohicon, Cove, Djakotomey, Dogbo, Houeyogbe, Ifangni, Klouekanme, Kpomasse, Porto-Novo, Sakete, Tori-Bossito, Toviklin, Zagnanado, Za-Kpota and Ze.…”