Soil formation in Seymour Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Souza, Caroline Delpupo; Schaefer, Carlos Ernesto Gonçalves Reynaud; Simas, Felipe Nogueira Bello; Spinola, Diogo; Daher, Mayara

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.03.047

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In this case, the soil mixing results in irregular or broken horizons (Simas et al, ). Significant amounts of coarse particles on the soil surface are attributed to wind ablation, carrying finer particles away (Moura, Francelino, Schaefer, Simas, & Mendonça, ), widely reported on the literature for this region (Michel et al, ; Francelino et al, ; Pereira et al, ; Souza, Schaefer, Simas, Spinola, & De Paula, ), resulting in a skeletic character of soils (Simas et al, ). Despite vegetation accounts for carbon accumulation and exchange in MA (Thomazini et al, ), the stoniness associated with cryoturbation, permafrost/land degradation (accounting for mass movement) under rising temperatures in the predicted future climate scenario, can further affect the NEE dynamic in MA, as a consequence of the natural readjustment of the paraglacial period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The current response of soil thermal regime and carbon exchange of a paraglacial coastal land system in maritime Antarctica

et al. 2019

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Ice‐free areas of maritime Antarctica (MA) are undergoing rapid environmental adjustment due to climate change because glaciers retreated. In recently deglaciated areas, sensitive indicators related to soil can be used as proxies of the transition phase from glacial to nonglacial conditions at paraglacial coastal systems. This work aims at comprehending how paraglacial coastal land systems respond to adjustment processes in highly dynamic deglaciated areas, based on net ecosystem exchange, soil temperature (ST), and soil moisture (SM) temporal series in two different vegetation communities on a paraglacial coastal land system in MA. We selected a moss community (MC) and a mixed community with mosses and lichens (MLC). MC is located on a hydromorphic area with buffered ST regime, compared with MLC, where greater SM variation range and freezing conditions were observed. MC and MLC are currently acting as an atmospheric CO2 sink. In this work, MC showed a greater capacity of CO2 uptake during measurements (711.20 g CO2 m−2). In this part of Antarctica, where a recent trend of decreasing ST occurs, less permafrost and surface land degradation, combined with enhanced carbon storage, are expected. However, in the long term, following the readjustment of the paraglacial period, thawing is expected, coupled with permafrost degradation and carbon release to the atmosphere, under the predicted warming scenario in MA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The current response of soil thermal regime and carbon exchange of a paraglacial coastal land system in maritime Antarctica

et al. 2019

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“…Alguns horizontes na base de P3, na porção baixa, apesentaram matiz mais avermelhada (2,5YR) intercalada com zonas acinzentadas e amareladas, revelando um solo de coloração variegada, sobreposto por um nivel concrecionado (Csm). O predominio de cores amareladas é semelhante ao que foi observado em outros solos sulfatados (FRANCELINO et al, 2011;SIMAS et al, 2006;SOUZA et al, 2014) e, tal como nestes estudos, solos com essa coloração são mais argilosos que outros solos da Antártica . Tais características corroboram com a indicação de Campbell & Claridge (1987) da importância de considerar a cor como um atributo fundamental no estudo de solos em dominios polares, inclusive do seu grau evolutivo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Ocorrem valores de pH inferior a 4,0, acompanhados por elevados valores de Al trocável e coloração amarelada, indicadora da presença de minerais sulfatados e óxidos; confirmada na análise mineralógica. Comparado aos estudos desenvolvidos por Simas et al (2008) e Souza et al (2014), alguns horizontes identificados neste estudo estão entre os mais ácidos já registrados na Antártica (Tabela 4). Essa acidez gerada por frentes de sulfurização criou as condições necessárias para o intemperismo geoquímico que, associado a crioclastia intensa, foram responsáveis pela gênese destes solos.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Nesta península é comum a presença de rochas enriquecidas em sulfetos que, uma vez expostos aos agentes intempéricos, são afetados por oxidação, criando condições favoráveis ao intemperismo geoquímico e culminando na gênese dos solos sulfatados. Souza et al, (2014) registraram que na Ilha Seymour os solos ácidos sulfatados são os mais desenvolvidos. Na Península Keller, também Ilha Rei George, Simas et al, (2006) relataram presença de solos ácidos, horizontes sulfúricos, minerais de argila que indicam intemperismo químico mais avançado e desestabilização de minerais primários em áreas de oxidação de sulfetos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Solos e Evolução da Paisagem em Ambiente Periglacial na Península Barton, Antártica Marítima

et al. 2017

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“…These communities have received considerable research attention in recent years in the context of being indicators of biological responses to rapid environmental change (Parnikoza et al, 2009;Kozeretska et al, 2010) and the advanced pedogenetic processes (Simas et al, 2007;Schaefer et al, 2008;Almeida et al, 2014;Michel et al, 2014;Souza et al, 2014). However, vegetation development is highly variable at a glacier retreat zone and influenced by several soil physical (e.g., soil temperature, moisture, permafrost thawing) and biological factors (e.g., microbial community) Almeida et al, 2014).…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 and N2O emissions in a soil chronosequence at a glacier retreat zone in Maritime Antarctica

Thomazini

Mendonça

Teixeira

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Studies of C cycle alterations are extremely important to identify changes due to climate change, especially in the polar ecosystem. The objectives of this study were to (i) examine patterns of soil CO2-C and N2O-N emissions, and (ii) evaluate the quantity and quality of soil organic matter across a glacier retreat chronosequence in the Maritime Antarctica. Field measurements were carried out during January and February 2010 (summer season) along a retreating zone of the White Eagle Glacier, at King George Island, Maritime Antarctica. Soil samples (0-10cm) were collected along a 500-m transect at regular intervals to determine changes in soil organic matter. Field CO2-C emission measurements and soil temperature were carried out at regular intervals. In addition, greenhouse gas production potentials were assessed through 100days laboratory incubations. Soils exposed for a longer time tended to have greater concentrations of soluble salts and possess sandier textures. Total organic C (3.59gkg(-1)), total N (2.31gkg(-1)) and labile C (1.83gkg(-1)) tended to be lower near the glacier front compared with sites away from it, which is correlated with decreasing degree of humification of the soil organic matter with exposure time. Soil CO2-C emissions tended to increase with distance from the glacier front. On average, the presence of vegetation increased CO2-C emissions by 440%, or the equivalent of 0.633g of CO2-C m(-2)h(-1). Results suggest that newly exposed landsurfaces undergo soil formation with increasing labile C input from vegetation, accompanied by increasing soil CO2-C emissions. Despite the importance of exposure time on CO2-C production and emissions, there was no similar trend in soil N2O-N production potentials as a function of glacial retreat. For N2O, instead, the maximum production occurred in sites with the first stages of vegetation growth.

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Soil formation in Seymour Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctica

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

The current response of soil thermal regime and carbon exchange of a paraglacial coastal land system in maritime Antarctica

The current response of soil thermal regime and carbon exchange of a paraglacial coastal land system in maritime Antarctica

Solos e Evolução da Paisagem em Ambiente Periglacial na Península Barton, Antártica Marítima

CO2 and N2O emissions in a soil chronosequence at a glacier retreat zone in Maritime Antarctica

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