Soil fungi: Relationships between hyphal activity and staining with fluorescein diacetate

Ingham, E. R.; Klein, Donald A.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(84)90014-2

Cited by 162 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Active, but not total, bacterial biomass and fungal biomass were determined for each soil before C and N additions and on each treatment after incubation using methods described by Ingham and Klein (1984). A 1-g soil sample was diluted in 9 ml of a phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) and shaken at approximately 120 rpm for 5 mM.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One milliliter of 1.5% agar in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 9.5) was added to the FDA suspension. The sample was mixed and an aliquot placed on a microscope slide containing a cavity of known volume (Ingham and Klein 1984). Immediately after preparation, slides were examined for FDA-stained hyphal length by epifluorescent microscopy.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of nitrogen on atrazine and 2, 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mineralization in blackwater and redwater forested wetland soils

Entry¹

1999

Biology and Fertility of Soils

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Microcosms were used to determine the influence of N additions on active bacterial and fungal biomass, atrazine and dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mineralization at 5, 10 and 15 weeks in soils from blackwater and redwater wetland forest ecosystems in the northern Florida Panhandle. Active bacterial and fungal biomass was determined by staining techniques combined with direct microscopy. Atrazine and 2,4-D mineralization were measured radiometrically. Treatments were: soil type, (blackwater or redwater forested wetland soils) and N additions (soils amended with the equivalent of 0, 200 or 400 kg N ha" as NH 4NO3). Redwater soils contained higher concentrations of C, total N, P, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, B and Zn than blackwater soils. After N addition and 15 weeks of incubation, active bacterial biomass in redwater soils was lower when N was added. Active bacterial biomass in blackwater soils was lower when 400 kg N ha-1 , but not when 200 kg N ha', was added. Active fungal biomass in blackwater soils was higher when 400 kg N ha-1 , but not when 200 kg N ha', was added. Active fungal biomass in redwater soils was lower when 200 kg N ha-1 , but not when 400 kg N ha', was added. After 15 weeks of incubation 2,4-D degradation was higher in redwater wetland soils than in blackwater soils. After 10 and 15 weeks of incubation the addition of 200 or 400 kg N ha' decreased both atrazine and 2,4-D degradation in redwater soils. The addition of 400 kg N ha' decreased 2,4-D degradation but not atrazine degradation in blackwater soils after 10 and 15 weeks of incubation. High concentrations of N in surface runoff and groundwater resulting from agricultural operations may have resulted in the accumulation of N in many wetland soils. Large amounts of N accumulating in wetlands may decrease mineralization of toxic agricultural pesticides.

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Section: Microbial Biomass Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Biomass Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen on atrazine and 2, 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mineralization in blackwater and redwater forested wetland soils

Entry¹

1999

Biology and Fertility of Soils

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“…The second filter was placed in a solution of 50 /^g ml"f luorescein diacetate (FDA) in OT M phosphate buffer (pH 7-4) (Schubert et al, 1987). Fluorescein diacetate staining provides a precise estimate of metabolic activity (Hamel et al, 1990) and is strongly correlated with hyphal activity as measured by COg evolution (Ingham & Klein, 1984). After 5 min, hyphae were collected on a l-2-/^m nitrocellulose filter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectivity of the propagules associated with extraradical mycelia of two AM fungi following winter freezing

1997

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S U M M . A R YAbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are thought to survive adverse environmental conditions primarily as spores. Extraradical mycelia of two Glomus species were produced in fine mesh pouches which excluded roots but not hyphae. The mycelia in these pouches were exposed to freezing conditions, either in the field or in a controUedtemperature chamber. Bioassay plants were grown directly in the pouches and mycorrhizal colonization was assessed after 1 month. The mycelia remained infective in frozen soil over winter. This survival was not dependent on either the presence of root pieces or on the connection of mycelia to roots. Spores were not an effective inoculum in these bioassays. Overwinter survival of mycelia would enable plants to become incorporated into functional mycorrhizal associations early in spring.

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“…Extracts of soil stored at 4°C were stained with fluorescein diacetate, a substrate that binds and fluoresces to the metabolically active bacteria and fungi [29,30]. Brightfield microscopy was used to enumerate bacteria and to measure the widths and lengths of fungal hyphae.…”

Section: Active Bacterial and Fungal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and Microbial Functional Diversity Differences in Biofuel Crop and Grassland Soils in Multiple Geographies

et al. 2012

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Soil fungi: Relationships between hyphal activity and staining with fluorescein diacetate

Cited by 162 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of nitrogen on atrazine and 2, 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mineralization in blackwater and redwater forested wetland soils

Influence of nitrogen on atrazine and 2, 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid mineralization in blackwater and redwater forested wetland soils

Infectivity of the propagules associated with extraradical mycelia of two AM fungi following winter freezing

Chemistry and Microbial Functional Diversity Differences in Biofuel Crop and Grassland Soils in Multiple Geographies

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