Soil Improvement Following Addition of Chipped Wood from Twigs

Lalande, Roger; Furlan, V.; Angers, Denis A.; Lemieux, Gilles

doi:10.1017/s0889189300007815

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2). These results confirmed previous findings that addition of wood-based residues can stimulate soil microbial activity (Elkins et al 1984;Zibilske 1987;Tardif 1996;Lalande et al 1998). In our study, the amounts of FDA hydrolyzed ranged from 30 to 100 mg kg -1 of dry soil h -1 .…”

Section: Impact Of De-inking Paper Sludge On Enzyme Activitysupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Several studies have reported that incorporation of woodbased residues in soil promotes microbial growth and activity (Elkins et al 1984;Zibilske 1987;Lalande et al 1998), but little attention has been paid to DPS. This material has large C to N and C to P ratios, and its incorporation to the soil generally results in net N and P immobilization (Fierro et al 1997).…”

Section: Canadian Journal Of Soil Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge

Chantigny¹,

Angers²,

Beauchamp³

2000

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2000. Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge. Can. J. Soil Sci. 80: 99-105. Application of paper mill wastes generally improves soil organic matter content, biological activity and physical properties. However, the impact of large application rates (>50 Mg ha -1 ) on soil microflora and their activity has not been assessed. A field study was undertaken on a well-drained clay loam and a poorly drained silty clay loam amended with de-inking paper sludge (DPS) at rates of 0 (control), 50 or 100 Mg ha -1 . K 2 SO 4 -extractable C (C ext ), soil water content (SWC), microbial biomass C (MBC) and different enzyme activity rates were periodically measured in soil during 1075 d following DPS incorporation. Compared with control soils, C ext content increased by 100 to 200%, and soil water content increased by 35% following incorporation of DPS at 100 Mg ha -1 . Those differences decreased in time as DPS decomposed. Soil MBC increased proportionally with the rate of DPS amendment and was about twice the amount in soils amended with 100 Mg ha -1 compared with the control. Microbial quotient (ratio of MBC to total soil organic C) was greater in DPS-amended than in control soils until day 370, reflecting the input of labile C from DPS. Compared with the control, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and alkaline phosphatase activity rates increased by 40 to 100% when adding 50 Mg DPS ha -1 . However, the rates were similar for 50 and 100 Mg DPS ha -1 . We concluded that DPS promoted microbial growth and activity in the soil by improving C and water availability. However, levelling off of enzyme activity at a DPS loading rate above 50 Mg ha -1 could reflect changes in soil microbial community, or some kinetic interference or nutrient deficiency induced by excessive C input. . L'utilisation de résidus de papier peut amélior-er la teneur en matière organique, l'activité biologique et les propriétés physiques du sol. Toutefois, l'impact de doses élevées (> 50 Mg ha -1 ) sur la microflore du sol et ses activités n'a pas été étudiée. Une étude de champ s'est déroulée sur un loam argileux bien drainé et un loam limono-argileux mal drainé amendés avec 0 (témoin) 50 ou 100 Mg ha -1 de résidus de désencrage du papier (RDP). Le C extractible au K 2 SO 4 (C ext ), la teneur en eau, le C de la biomasse microbienne (CBM) et différentes activités enzymatiques ont été suivies pendant 1075 jours suivant l'incorporation des RDP. Les teneurs en C ext ont augmenté de 100 à 200 %, alors que la teneur en eau a augmenté de 35 % suite à l'ajout de 100 Mg ha -1 de RDP. Ces augmentations ont graduellement disparues à mesure que les RDP se sont décomposés. Le CBM a augmenté de façon proportionnelle à la dose de RDP et était deux fois plus élevé dans le sol amendé avec 100 Mg ha -1 que dans le sol témoin. Le quotient microbien (rapport CBM sur C organique total) a été plus élevé dans les sols avec RDP que dans les sols témoins jusqu'au jour 370, ce qui reflète l'apport de C disponible provenant des RDP. Les...

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Section: Impact Of De-inking Paper Sludge On Enzyme Activitysupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Canadian Journal Of Soil Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge

Chantigny¹,

Angers²,

Beauchamp³

2000

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…and stimulate soil microbial communities due to the addition of organic matter (Lalande et al, 1998;Olsen and Gounder, 2001;Ozores-Hampton, 1998). Possible disadvantages of organic mulches include nutrient tie-up and lowering of soil temperatures to sub-optimum levels (Hill et al, 1982;Schonbeck and Evanylo, 1998).…”

Section: Research Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed Control Efficacy of Organic Mulches in Two Organically Managed Bell Pepper Production Systems

Law¹,

Rowell²,

Snyder³

et al. 2006

horttech

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A 2-year field study in Lexington, Ky., evaluated weed control efficacy and influence on yields of several organic mulches in two organically managed bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) production systems. Five weed control treatments [straw, compost, wood chips, undersown white dutch clover (Trifolium repens) “living mulch,” and the organically approved herbicide corn gluten] were applied to two production systems consisting of peppers planted in double rows in either flat, bare ground or on black polyethylene-covered raised beds. In the first year, treatments were applied at transplanting and no treatment was found to provide acceptable season-long weed control. As a result, bell pepper yields in both production systems were very low due to extensive weed competition. First year failures in weed control required a modification of the experimental protocol in the second year such that treatment application was delayed for 6 weeks, during which time three shallow cultivations were used to reduce early weed pressure and extend the control provided by the mulches. This approach increased the average weed control rating provided by the mulches from 45% in 2003 to 86% in 2004, and resulted in greatly improved yields. In both years, polyethylene-covered raised beds produced higher yields than the flat, bare ground system (8310 lb/acre compared to 1012 lb/acre in 2003 and 42,900 lb/acre compared to 29,700 lb/acre in 2004). In the second year, the polyethylene-covered bed system coupled with mulching in-between beds with compost or wood chips provided excellent weed control and yields. When using the wood chip mulch, which was obtained at no cost, net returns were $5587/acre, which is similar to typical returns for conventionally grown peppers in Kentucky. Net returns were substantially decreased when using compost due to the purchase cost. Results from this study indicate that shallow cultivation following transplanting, combined with midseason mulch application, resulted in high yields in an organically managed bell pepper system that were comparable to yields of most varieties grown conventionally in a variety trial conducted on the same farm.

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“…However, the addition of organic compounds, such as plant residues, manures, composts and biosolids, produces major benefits to soil properties and fertility (Cabral et al 1998;Lalande et al 1998;Bipfubusa et al 2005), and the resulting impact on soil acidification could then be regarded as less important than the increase in the organic matter content. Continuous application of N fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and urea, also results in an increase in soil acidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of natural or industrial liming materials on soil properties and microbial activity

Lalande¹,

Gagnon²,

Royer³

2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Lalande, R., Gagnon, B. and Royer, I. 2009. Impact of natural or industrial liming materials on soil properties and microbial activity. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 209Á222. Soil acidity is a major problem in agriculture because it limits plant growth and reduces crop productivity. The neutralizing potential of industrial by-products and their impact on soil properties were evaluated in two acidic soils characterized by contrasting textures, and submitted to intensive agriculture practices. Soil pH, microbial (dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase) activity, and Mehlich-3 extractable P, K, Ca and Mg were monitored in the year of soil incorporation of eight liming products and in the following 2 yr. In the sandy loam, liming products did not result in significant increases in soil pH in the 0-to 7.5-cm soil layer. Lime mud (LM) significantly increased soil pH by 0.4 units in the 7.5-to 20-cm layer compared with cement kiln dust (CKD). In the silty clay, calciumÁ phosphateÁmagnesium (CalPoMag) significantly raised pH by 0.65 units over both natural calcitic lime (NCa) and the magnesium dissolution product (MgD) in the first soil layer, and by 0.5 units over carbide lime (CL) treatment in the second soil layer. Activities of dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were increased to various degrees by all liming materials, especially on the silty clay; LM and CalPoMag were the most beneficial materials. The exception was MgD, which did not result in any impact on microbial activity relative to the control. Both enzymatic activities were related to the increase in soil pH, particularly the alkaline phosphatase. Ion leaching was more pronounced in the sandy loam than in the silty clay soil, where large differences in the Ca and Mg ion levels were still detected in the 20-to 40-cm layer of the sandy loam. In this study, LM and CalPoMag are interesting liming products, particularly in the silty clay soil.

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Soil Improvement Following Addition of Chipped Wood from Twigs

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge

Active carbon pools and enzyme activities in soils amended with de-inking paper sludge

Weed Control Efficacy of Organic Mulches in Two Organically Managed Bell Pepper Production Systems

Impact of natural or industrial liming materials on soil properties and microbial activity

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