Soil improvement with quicklime – long-time behaviour and carbonation

Haas, Sonja; Ritter, Hans-Josef

doi:10.1080/14680629.2018.1474793

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…QARHA also had a higher density composition due to the density of CaO in its composition and hence produced better results in the improvement of plasticity and swelling potential of the treated clayey soil from highly expansive 23.35% with medium expansive 3.64% at 10% HARHA. is is in agreement with the previous work and observations [21].…”

Section: Consistency Index and Swelling Potential Of Clayey Soilsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Swelling Potential of Clayey Soil Modified with Rice Husk Ash Activated by Calcination for Pavement Underlay by Plasticity Index Method (PIM)

Onyelowe

Onyia

Nguyen-Thi

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Volume change in expansive soils is a problem encountered in earth work around the world. This is prominent with hydraulically bound structures or foundations subjected to prolonged moisture exposure. This behavior of clayey used as subgrade, foundation, landfill, or backfill materials causes undesirable structural functionality and failures. To prevent this happening, clayey soils are studied for possible volume change potential and degree of expansion. Consequently, the problematic soils are stabilized. In this work, the stabilization of clayey highly expansive soil classified as A-7-6 soil and highly plastic with high clay content was conducted under laboratory conditions. The treatment exercise was experimented using quicklime-activated rice husk ash (QARHA), hydrated lime-activated rice husk ash (HARHA), and calcite-activated rice husk ash (CARHA) at the rates of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, and 10%. Upon treatment with the three calcium compounds to produce three sets of treated experimental specimens, the plasticity index was observed and recorded and swelling potentials were evaluated using the plasticity index method (PIM). The results showed a consistent improvement on the properties of the treated soil with the addition of the different activated admixtures. While the utilization of CARHA and HARHA improved the clayey soil to medium expansive soil, the treated clayey soil substantially improved from highly expansive soil with a potential of 23.35% to less expansive with a final potential of 0.59% upon the addition of 10% QARHA. Finally, QARHA was adjudged as the best binding composite due to the highest rate of reduction recorded with its utilization.

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Section: Consistency Index and Swelling Potential Of Clayey Soilsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Lime was also proven to be a good binding material in a research conducted by Baldovino et al [20] to improve the consistency and strength properties of clayey soil. Haas and Ritter [21] conducted a research on soil 2…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling Potential of Clayey Soil Modified with Rice Husk Ash Activated by Calcination for Pavement Underlay by Plasticity Index Method (PIM)

Onyelowe

Onyia

Nguyen-Thi

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…In the case of the FKC soils, the fate of calcium was consumed in a 1:3.5 proportion between calcite and CSH with a negligible fraction remaining unreacted. This distribution is similar to what was observed on a 30-year-old lime treated embankment by Haas and Ritter ( 41 ).…”

Section: Geochemical Modelingsupporting

confidence: 90%

Evaluating the Long-Term Durability of Lime Treatment in Hydraulic Structures: Case Study on the Friant-Kern Canal

Akula

Hariharan

Little

et al. 2020

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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The slopes along the Friant-Kern Canal were last treated in the 1970s with 4% quick lime to mitigate issues related to slope failure caused by expansive Porterville soils. The immediate benefits of lime treatment were well documented by the Bureau of Reclamation. However, questions remain over the long-term durability of lime-treated materials. In this study, we compare the engineering properties and changes in the soil mineralogy of treated and untreated sections to establish the effectiveness of lime after more than 40 years of performance. A geochemical model was developed using the GEM-Selektor program to simulate the geochemical reactions in the soil-lime system and predict stable pozzolanic products. The experimental results show a reduction in the plasticity index from 23 to 6 after lime treatment together with a tenfold increase in strength. Lime addition lowers the risk of volumetric expansion and erosion in soils from moderately high to very low. Further, a pH increase from 6.30 to 8.90 in lime-treated sections indicates that lime treatment continues to be effective. X-ray fluorescence analysis shows the presence of Ca2+ ions in quantities similar to the initial treatment dosage indicating negligible leaching of lime. The geochemical model provides evidence of the formation of pozzolanic products in the soil-lime system which was validated using thermogravimetry analysis. The performance history of the Friant-Kern Canal together with the findings of this study affirm the long-term durability of lime treatment on this project and strengthens the case for using lime in the repair of hydraulic structures.

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“…Moreover, the time elapsed between the lime dosage and the sampling is unknown [20,21]. When lime is used for the treatment of dredging sediments, the CO 2 permanently captured is 35% after 30 years [22]. Nevertheless, this rate is highly uncertain because it is related to the same reclamation technology applied to soils and not to sediments.…”

Section: Lime Applications With Less Conclusive Scientific Data On Carbonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and enhanced carbonation of lime in its different applications: a review

Campo

Tua

Biganzoli

et al. 2021

Environmental Technology Reviews

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Lime is a product derived from the thermal decomposition of limestone (mainly calcium carbonate, CaCO 3 ) into quicklime (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), also called calcination. Controlled reaction with water is used to manufacture hydrated lime (Ca(OH) 2 ) products. Lime is used in a wide variety of applications: metals industry, construction materials sector, civil engineering, environmental protection, agriculture, and chemical industry. Lime production is one of the sources of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions resulting in global warming and ocean acidification. However, a proportion of the CO 2 emitted during the calcination is reabsorbed by the lime during the product life within its different applications. This process called carbonation is thermodynamically favoured because it is exothermal. It allows permanent CO 2 storage in a stable product since the lime combines with gaseous CO 2 reforming CaCO 3 . This paper reports a comprehensive literature review on the carbonation potential of lime in different applications. The total carbonation potential is assessed as carbonation rate, i.e. the ratio between the CO 2 reabsorbed through carbonation during the operational life of lime and the CO 2 emitted during limestone calcination. This study provided preliminary evidence that, based on the current EU market, on average 23-33% of lime process emissions are carbonated during the use phase. Carbonation over time is also analysed for the lime applications where information is available. For three applications, namely water, flue gas cleaning and pulp and paper, the carbonation reaction is instantaneous. Up to 22% of the calcination emissions are absorbed within five years based on the current EU market.

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Soil improvement with quicklime – long-time behaviour and carbonation

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Swelling Potential of Clayey Soil Modified with Rice Husk Ash Activated by Calcination for Pavement Underlay by Plasticity Index Method (PIM)

Swelling Potential of Clayey Soil Modified with Rice Husk Ash Activated by Calcination for Pavement Underlay by Plasticity Index Method (PIM)

Evaluating the Long-Term Durability of Lime Treatment in Hydraulic Structures: Case Study on the Friant-Kern Canal

Natural and enhanced carbonation of lime in its different applications: a review

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