Soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North China Plain

Li, Juan; Wen, Yanchen; Li, Xuhua; Li, Yanting; Yang, Xiangdong; Zhifang, Lin; Song, Zhenwei; Cooper, Julia; Zhao, Bingqiang

doi:10.1016/j.still.2017.08.008

Cited by 245 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The estimated order in the increase of CO 2 -C evolution after adding organic amendments to soils (artificial soil mixtures; Fig. 1) confirms literature data about the amendment-specific biodegradability in soils (charcoal < farmyard manure < sheep faeces < straw) (Atkinson et al, 2010;Guenet et al, 2010;Grunwald et al, 2016;Hansen et al, 2016;Sarma et al, 2017;Teutscherova et al, 2017;Li et al, 2018a). Aside from mineralization during incubation, the added organic amendments increased the OC content in soils (Tab.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For example, straw as a biodegradable organic amendment is decomposed relatively rapidly by microorganisms which is reflected in high degradation rates (Powlson et al, 2011;Hansen et al, 2016). In contrast, farmyard manure contains both biodegradable and stabilized organic carbon and has longer turnover rates in soil environments (Kö rschens et al, 1994;Haynes and Naidu, 1998;Li et al, 2018a). Another frequently used fertilizer is charcoal, which is characterized by its superior stability in soils compared to other organic amendments (Glaser et al, 2002;Kuzyakov et al, 2009;Li et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detectability of degradable organic matter in agricultural soils by thermogravimetry

Tokarski

Šimečková

Kučerík

et al. 2019

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Sustainable agricultural land use requires an assessment of degradable soil organic matter (SOM) because of its key function for soil fertility and plant nutrition. Such an assessment for practical land use should consider transformation processes of SOM and its sources of different origin. In this study, we combined a 120‐day incubation experiment with thermal decay dynamics of agricultural soils altered by added organic amendments. The aim was to determine the abilities and limits of thermal analysis as a rapid approach revealing differences in the degradability of SOM. The carried out experiments based on two independent sampling sets. The first sample set consisted of soil samples taken from non‐fertilized plots of three German long‐term agricultural field experiments (LTAEs), then artificially mixed with straw, farmyard manure, sheep faeces, and charcoal equal to 60 Mg ha−1 under laboratory conditions. The second sample set based on soil samples of different treatments (e.g., crop type, fertilization, cultivation) in LTAEs at Bad Lauchstädt and Müncheberg, Germany. Before and after the incubation experiment, thermal mass losses (TML) at selected temperatures were determined by thermogravimetry indicating the degradability of organic amendments mixed in soils. The results confirmed different microbial degradability of organic amendments and SOM under laboratory conditions. Thermal decay dynamics revealed incubation‐induced changes in the artificial soil mixtures primarily at TML around 300°C in the case of applied straw and sheep faeces, whereas farmyard manure showed mainly changes in TML around 450°C. Charcoal did not show significant degradation during incubation, which was confirmed by TML. Detailed analyses of the artificial soil mixtures revealed close correlations between CO2‐C evolution during incubation and changes in TML at 300°C with R2 > 0.96. Results of the soils from LTAEs showed similar incubation‐induced changes in thermal decay dynamics for fresh plant residues and farmyard manure. We conclude that the practical assessment of SOM could be facilitated by thermal decay dynamics if modified sample preparation and evaluation algorithms are used beyond traditional peak analysis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detectability of degradable organic matter in agricultural soils by thermogravimetry

Tokarski

Šimečková

Kučerík

et al. 2019

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…In addition, rice roots might be the main source of subsoil carbon inputs, and the balance between the accumulation of organic carbon during the season of rice planting and the decomposition of organic carbon caused by the enhanced microbial activity (increase of the MBC content) during the season of garlic planting could be the reason for the slight but insignificant decreases in the TOC of the subsoil (20–100 cm). In contrast, for rice–leafy vegetable rotation land, long‐term rice planting can provide continuous inputs of organic materials and accumulation of organic carbon; however, the excessive application of N fertilizers can significantly affect the abundance and function of soil microorganisms (Li, Wen, et al, ; Qin et al, ), which then causes different changes in TOC and labile fractions compared with rice–garlic rotation land. A recent study found that the MBC content was significantly decreased and the cellulose‐degrading enzymes were reduced by 30–39% under nitrogen enrichment, which finally induced a reduction in soil respiration (Li et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, a high LOC content is required for soil quality due to its quick decomposition, whereas a low LOC content is beneficial for carbon sequestration (Chen et al, ; Li, Wen, et al, ). The proportion of LOC to TOC can be used to reflect SOC stability (Li et al, ; Sheng et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the properties of SOC required for the above two benefits are contradictory. To contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by carbon sequestration, stable and nonlabile forms of SOC are needed, whereas labile organic carbon (LOC) is necessary for providing nutrient elements and energy for plant growth and microbial metabolism by its quick decomposition (Chen et al, ; Li et al, ). Although many studies have focussed on the dynamics of total soil organic carbon (TOC; Gelaw, Singh, & Lal, ; Han et al, ; Rabbi et al, ; Zhang et al, ), more information is needed on SOC and its labile fractions, especially the changes in soil LOC fractions, such as the easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), which are more sensitive to the changes in agricultural land use practices, including differences in crop rotation, tillage intensity, and fertilization (Materechera, ; Sheng et al, ; Toosi, Clinton, Beare, & Norton, ; Yang et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of agricultural land use change on organic carbon and its labile fractions in the soil profile in an urban agricultural area

Luo

Shen

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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The properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) required for carbon sequestration and nutrient availability are contradictory, and the changes in SOC caused by agricultural land use changes remain elusive. Data on the total soil organic carbon (TOC) and labile organic carbon, including easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), of the soil profile were analysed for four typical agricultural land use scenarios in the Chengdu Plain, China. The impacts of agricultural land use changes on sequestration and nutrient availability of SOC were assessed in this urban agricultural area using the space‐for‐time substitution method. Conversion of land use from a traditional agricultural rotation (rice‐wheat/rapeseed rotation) to afforestation increased the MBC content and decreased the contents of EOC, DOC, and TOC due to the lower input of organic matter, improved aeration of the soil profile, and growth of aboveground biomass. Conversion of a traditional rotation to a rice–garlic rotation resulted in a significant increase in topsoil TOC, slight but insignificant decreases in subsoil TOC, and clear increases in labile organic carbon because of rice planting, rice straw mulch, and reasonable application of chemical fertilizers. In contrast, the conversion of a traditional rotation to a rice–leafy vegetable rotation decreased MBC due to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers that consequently increased EOC, DOC, and TOC. We conclude that afforestation on paddy soil has negative consequences for soil carbon sequestration and a rice–leafy vegetable rotation contributes to carbon sequestration but is detrimental to soil fertility. In addition, the MBC ratio in soil could be the optimal indicator for assessing SOC stability and soil fertility, and more attention should be paid to subsoil carbon changes.

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Legume cover crop type and termination method effects on labile soil carbon and nitrogen and aggregation

et al. 2022

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Growers use cover crops to provide nutrients for crops and build soil organic matter (SOM). Termination methods may alter the effects of cover crops on soil labile C and N. We examined how two cover crops and three termination methods affected soil microbes, soil aggregates, and C and N pools in an organic grain system. We compared crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) (CC), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) (HV), and a control together with disking, mowing, or a roller-crimper for effects on hot-water-extractable carbohydrates, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), potentially mineralizable C and N, and aggregation (quantified by mean weight diameter [MWD]). Disking comprised flail mowing plots and then cultivating. Roller-crimping occurred via a roller with blades. Vetch soil contained 14% higher MBC than no cover crop pretermination, possibly because of enhanced rhizodeposition. Planting CC resulted in 44% higher MBC than no cover crop a week after termination, likely due to its higher biomass C/N ratio. Disking decreased MWD relative to flail mowing in no cover crop soils at 4 wk after termination across both years at 0-to-5-cm depth. In addition, MWD was lower under CC than under no cover crop for both the flail mowed and roller-crimped treatments at 4 wk after termination across both years from 0 to 5 cm. This is possibly due to enhanced desiccation of the soil in bare plots after termination. Our results indicate that quantity and quality of biomass of different legume species, rather than termination methods, dominated effects on labile C.

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Soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North China Plain

Abstract: Soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by long-term organic and mineral fertilization regimes in the North ChinaPlain.

Cited by 245 publications

References 90 publications

Detectability of degradable organic matter in agricultural soils by thermogravimetry

Detectability of degradable organic matter in agricultural soils by thermogravimetry

Effects of agricultural land use change on organic carbon and its labile fractions in the soil profile in an urban agricultural area

Legume cover crop type and termination method effects on labile soil carbon and nitrogen and aggregation

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