Soil-landscape relationship as indicated by pedogenesis data on selected soils from Southwestern, Iran

Abstract

Article Info Received : 02.10.2017 Accepted : 02.01.2018 Soils of semiarid regions of Dehdasht and Choram in Southwestern Iran have formed on alluvium derived from mixed calcareous-gypsiferous materials from Lower Miocene to Upper Pliocene. In order to characterize and classify the soils and to determine the soillandscape relationship in the area, nine pedons located on different physiographic positions including plateau, river alluvial plain, piedmont plain, alluvial plain and alluvial fan have been described, sampled and analyzed. Physicochemical analyses, clay mineralogy and micromorphological studies were performed. The results showed that topography and parent material were two important soil forming factors affecting soil formation in the area. The soils were dominated by carbonate, gypsum, and clay illuviation and accumulation. More developed soils were found on the stable plateau and piedmont plain. Clay illuviation and argillic horizon development in soils of the more stable alluvial plain were assumed to be relict features from presumably more humid climates. Palygorskite, illite, chlorite, smectite, kaolinite, and quartz clay minerals were identified in almost all physiographic surfaces, but more palygorskite and less smectite were found in the soils with gypsiferous parent materials. Observations by SEM revealed the occurrence of neoformed palygorskite as thread-like faces and coating of gypsum crystals and marly matrix. Coating and infilling of gypsum and calcite crystals in voids and channels were common pedofeatures observed in the soils studied. Two different distribution patterns of Fe-Mn oxides were identified in aquic and non-aquic soils.

Aksu Ovasında Farklı Flüviyal Depozitler Üzerinde Gelişen Toprakların Özelliklerinin ve Dağılımlarının Belirlenmesi

“…Bu farklılaşma başlangıç olarak elementlerin toprak profili içinde yeniden dağılımı, horizonlaşma ve son olarak da bu dağılıma bağlı olarak toprak tiplerinin farklılaşması olarak ortaya çıkar (Jenkins ve Jones, 1980). Ancak toprak oluşumu için geçen zaman aynı olsa bile diğer toprak yapan faktörlerin etkisi ile toprakların morfolojisi ve fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri farklılık gösterebilir (Dinç ve ark., 1986(Dinç ve ark., , 1988(Dinç ve ark., , 1991(Dinç ve ark., , 1992Osher, 1998;Mutlu, 2010;Sarı, 2015;Owliaie, 2018).…”