Soil liquefaction observed at the lower stream of Tonegawa river during the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Tsukamoto, Yoshimichi; Kawabe, Shohei; Kokusho, Takaji

doi:10.1016/j.sandf.2012.11.016

Cited by 27 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…More recently, liquefaction-induced deformations have also been observed within fluvial deposits in Japan (e.g. the vicinity of Tanagawa River following the Tohoku 2011 earthquake, Tsukamoto et al, 2012), in New Zealand (e.g. in the vicinity of Avon, Kaiapoi, and Heathcote rivers following the 2010–2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence, Cubrinovski et al, 2011a, 2011b; Cubrinovski and Robinson, 2016), in Italy (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial geomorphic factors affecting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading

Ingabire Abayo,

Cabas,

Chamberlin

et al. 2023

Earthquake Spectra

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Liquefaction-induced lateral displacements represent a major geohazard in earthquake-prone regions, yet the uncertainty associated with their prediction remains notoriously high. Documented observations after recent earthquakes provide evidence that depositional environment-specific geologic conditions play a crucial role in liquefaction susceptibility, and in the severity and spatial extent of liquefaction-induced ground deformations. However, this evidence is largely qualitative in nature, which limits the potential to incorporate the effects of depositional processes and environments in the next generation of lateral spreading predictive models. This study provides a framework to quantitatively assess the relationship between depositional environment-specific geologic factors and lateral spreading by means of simple fluvial geomorphic facies models, geotechnical engineering data (e.g. Cone Penetration Test data), and geospatial analytics. Three hypotheses are introduced and tested using lateral spreading ground deformations observed following the 2011 Christchurch earthquake along the Avon and Heathcote rivers in New Zealand. The results from this study indicate that the presence of an active (i.e. with active sediment deposition) compared to inactive (e.g. abandoned) channels is the most important fluvial geomorphologic variable out of the three tested. The other two are associated with the location relative to the meander bend position, including location within the point bar (inside) or the cut bank (outside), and upstream versus downstream within a given point bar. Findings from this study show that more lateral spreading occurs within point bars, and upstream (within a given point bar) in simple meander bends. However, the presence of geomorphic complexities (e.g. cut banks connected to an incised channel or tributary and/or channel confinement) can challenge the unbiased quantification of the contribution of a single geomorphic variable to the observed lateral displacements. These findings can be applied to other fluvial environments outside of New Zealand, and the proposed framework can be implemented for other non-fluvial depositional settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial geomorphic factors affecting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading

Ingabire Abayo,

Cabas,

Chamberlin

et al. 2023

Earthquake Spectra

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“…A hazard map introduced shows that the affected areas are likely to be concentrated along riverbeds and beaches in which there is a high possibility of saturated deposits existing in the areas. The Tohoku 2011 earthquake presents a wide soil liquefaction affected areas covering farm land, river dikes, flood channels, reclamation sites, fill areas and sites having young alluvium (Tsukamoto et al 2012;Yamaguchi et al 2012). An investigation carried out in the Christchurch earthquake in 2011 highlighted loose deposits of silts and sands in many of the affected liquefaction sites which are a reclaimed site or old river channels which have been diverted away (Reyners 2011;Wotherspoon et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of liquefaction hazard along shoreline areas of Peninsular Malaysia

Hashim

Suhatril

Hashim

2017

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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Using a collection of 2074 boreholes extracted from soil investigation reports utilized by standard penetration test, this study examines the susceptibility of soil liquefaction hazard along the shoreline of Peninsular Malaysia. Data collection and site visit were conducted to gather all the basic information related to soil liquefaction hazard. Three types of results are presented in the form of photos (recent shoreline condition), graphical illustrations (soil composition, SPT-N distribution and zone of saturation) and liquefaction susceptibility plots. The findings indicate there is obviously a critical need to adapt further liquefaction analysis in the shoreline region of Peninsular Malaysia to better understand liquefaction hazard and produced beneficial information on the matter. A risk assessment matrix is also introduced in classifying the severity and recommended mitigation measures of the studied areas.

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“…Imakiire and Kobayashi (2011) presented the coseismic and postseismic displacement maps for Japan using the GNSS Earth Observation Network System (GEONET) (Yamagiwa, Hatanaka, Yutsudo, & Miyahara, 2006). The coseismic crustal deformation was remarkably large with a maximum horizontal onshore movement of 5.3 m and a subsidence of 1.2 m. In addition to this large crustal motion, numerous researchers reported local surface deformations due to soil liquefaction and local subsidence in the Kanto region which caused significant damage to buildings and infrastructure (Bhattacharya, Hyodo, Goda, Tazoh, & Taylor, 2011;Ishihara, Araki, & Toshiyuki, 2014;Tokimatsu, Tamura, Suzuki, & Katsumata, 2012;Tsukamoto, Kawabe, & Kokusho, 2012;Yamaguchi, Mori, Kazama, & Yoshida, 2012;Yasuda, Harada, Ishikawa, & Kanemaru, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coseismic and postseismic deformation estimation of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Kanto Region, Japan, using InSAR time series analysis and GPS

ElGharbawi¹,

Tamura²

2015

Remote Sensing of Environment

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a b s t r a c tWe propose a methodology using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series analysis and a single GPS station to estimate the coseismic and postseismic crustal deformations in the Kanto region, Japan, which has been affected by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. The proposed methodology depends on choosing a proper deformation trend(s) to accurately describe the earthquake deformation signature by studying the deformation time series of a single GPS station. The modeled deformation trend is subtracted from the unwrapped phase maps to separate the main deformation signature from the imposed errors. Some deformation components, not described by the model(s), will leak to the residual phase maps which will be subjected to temporal and spatial filtering. The final corrected unwrapped phase maps are estimated by restoring the modeled deformation trend to the filtered residual phase maps and finally the deformation time series is estimated using a least squares technique. The proposed methodology was designed to retrieve complex and fine surface deformations in areas that have been affected by large dominating deformation signatures and contain at a least single GPS station. The methodology was tested using Envisat-ASAR C-band images and validation was carried out using GPS stations resulting in a mean RMS error of 6.9 mm. The estimated deformation time series shows a differential postseismic deformation pattern that can be attributed to an off Boso peninsula motion triggered by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake.

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Soil liquefaction observed at the lower stream of Tonegawa river during the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake

Cited by 27 publications

References 2 publications

Fluvial geomorphic factors affecting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading

Fluvial geomorphic factors affecting liquefaction-induced lateral spreading

Assessment of liquefaction hazard along shoreline areas of Peninsular Malaysia

Coseismic and postseismic deformation estimation of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Kanto Region, Japan, using InSAR time series analysis and GPS

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