Soil mapping, classification, and pedologic modeling: History and future directions

Brevik, Eric C.; Calzolari, Costanza; Miller, Bradley A.; Pereira, Paulo; Kabała, Cezary; Baumgarten, Andreas; Jordán, António

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.05.017

Cited by 247 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 218 publications

(244 reference statements)

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“…Further, for this reason, it was important to redo the soil classification of the Caia Irrigation Perimeter, using for this purpose an widespread, internationally accepted classification system, as is the case of FAO system (Food and Agriculture Organization) [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using GIS towards the Characterization and Soil Mapping of the Caia Irrigation Perimeter

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Caia Irrigation Perimeter is an irrigation infrastructure implemented in 1968. As is often the case, the original soil map of this region (dated from 1961) does not have the detail needed to characterize a relatively small-sized zone, where intensive agricultural practices take place. Using FAO methodology and with the main goal of establishing a larger-scale soil map, adequate for the demands of a modern and intensive agriculture, we gathered the geological characterization of the study area and information about the topography, climate, and vegetation of the region. Using ArcGIS software, we overlapped this information and established a pre-map of soil resources. Based on this pre-map, we defined a set of detailed itineraries in the field, evenly distributed, in which soil samples were collected. In those distinct soil units, we opened several soil profiles, from which we selected 26 to analyze in the present study, since they characterized the existing diversity in terms of soil type and soil properties. Based on the work of verification, correction, and reinterpretation of the preliminary soil map, we reached a final soil map for the Caia Irrigation Perimeter, which is characterized by enormous heterogeneity, typical of Mediterranean soils, containing 23 distinct cartographic units, the most representative being the Distric Fluvisols with inclusions of Luvisols Distric occupying 29.9% of the total study area, and Calcisols Luvic with inclusions of Luvisols endoleptic with 11.9% of the total area. Considering the obtained information on soil properties; ArcGIS was used to develop a map in which it was possible to ascertain the impact of the continuous practice of irrigation in this area. This allows us to put forward relevant conclusions on the need to access and monitor specific Mediterranean soils in order to mitigate the environmental impact of irrigation practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using GIS towards the Characterization and Soil Mapping of the Caia Irrigation Perimeter

et al. 2016

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“…At the same time the spatial information regarding a particular natural resource can be enhanced by analysing the maps of other natural bodies (e.g. vegetation maps in soilscapes studies or soil maps in geologic studies) (Brevik and Fenton, 1999;Juilleret et al, 2012;Miller and Burras, 2015), an approach that takes advantage of the interdisciplinary nature of soil science Brevik et al, 2016a). This approach also permits the user to detect if different cartographic products follow the same or similar mathematical structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of mapping contributes to our knowledge and understanding of landscapes and ecosystems, better planning, sustainable use of resources, the conservation of biodiversity, and assists in risk management (Soulard etal., 2016;Oinamet al, 2014;Xuetal., 2015;Brevik et al, 2016a). Maps can also be used as a tool for scientific research that allows further understanding of the Earth System.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Islands of biogeodiversity in arid lands on a polygons map study: Detecting scale invariance patterns from natural resources maps

Ibáñez

Pérez-Gómez

Brevik

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Many maps (geology, hydrology, soil, vegetation, etc.) are created to inventory natural resources. Each of these resources is mapped using a unique set of criteria, including scales and taxonomies. Past research indicates that comparing results of related maps (e.g., soil and geology maps) may aid in identifying mapping deficiencies. Therefore, this study was undertaken in Almería Province, Spain to (i) compare the underlying map structures of soil and vegetation maps and (ii) investígate if a vegetation map can provide useful soil information that was not shown on a soil map. Soil and vegetation maps were imported into ArcGIS 10.1 for spatial analysis, and results then exported to Microsoft Excel worksheets for statistical analyses to evalúate fits to linear and power law regression models. Vegetative units were grouped according to the driving forces that determined their presence or absence: (i) climatophilous (ii) lithologic-climate; and (iii) edaphophylous. The rank abundance plots for both the soil and vegetation maps conformed to Willis or Hollow Curves, meaning the underlying structures of both maps were the same. Edaphophylous map units, which represent 58.5% of the vegetation units in the study área, did not show a good correlation with the soil map. Further investigation revealed that 87% of the edaphohygrophilous units were found in ramblas, ephemeral riverbeds that are not typically classified and mapped as soils in modern systems, even though they meet the definition of soil given by the most commonly used and most modern soil taxonomic systems. Furthermore, these edaphophylous map units tend to be islands of biodiversity that are threatened by anthropogenic activity in the región. Therefore, this study revealed áreas that need to be revisited and studied pedologically. The vegetation mapped in these áreas and the soils that support it are key components of the earth's critical zone that must be studied, understood, and preserved.

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“…Soil damage is among the challenging causes for forestry operations, forest management activities (Brevik et al 2016;Huang et al 2017), and especially for the forest areas with ground-based skidding such as Caspian forests in northern Iran. A considerable deal of investigations has addressed the soil damage such as soil compaction, rutting, and displacement during harvesting in these forests (Najafi et al 2009;Majnounian, Jourgholami 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques

Shabani¹

2017

J. For. Sci.

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Shabani S. (2017): Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques. J. For. Sci., Controlling the soil damage caused by forest harvesting has a key role in forest management due to its effect on forest dynamics and productivity, mainly through modifying the physical, mechanical, and hydrological context of soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the soil damage susceptibility in one of the Caspian forests, Iran. For this purpose, two data mining techniques including classification and regression tree (CART) and random forest (RF) were applied. A total of 224 soil damage locations were identified primarily from field surveys. Then, 10 conditioning variables were produced in GIS. For model performance, the outputs of the analyses were compared with the field-verified soil damage locations. Our results show that slope degree, soil type, and slope aspect had the highest weight on soil damage, in the order of their appurtenance. Additionally, according to the relative operating characteristics curve, RF is a more suitable prediction model for soil damage zoning compared to CART. In summary, the findings of this study suggest that soil damage susceptibility mapping is an effective technique for Caspian forests, Iran.

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Soil mapping, classification, and pedologic modeling: History and future directions

Cited by 247 publications

References 218 publications

Using GIS towards the Characterization and Soil Mapping of the Caia Irrigation Perimeter

Using GIS towards the Characterization and Soil Mapping of the Caia Irrigation Perimeter

Islands of biogeodiversity in arid lands on a polygons map study: Detecting scale invariance patterns from natural resources maps

Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques

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