Soil microbiological properties and enzyme activity in agroforestry systems compared with monoculture, natural regeneration, and native Caatinga

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of agroforestry systems of different ages (AFS1: one-year old; AFS5: five-years old) on the biological attributes of soil; the following systems were used for comparison: a slash-and-burn (SBF) farming area, Caatinga which has been undergoing regeneration for 6 years (CaR6), and native Caatinga (NCa) in Brazil. Enzyme activity, abundance and composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and production of glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) were evaluated at soil depths of 0–0.05 m. AMF species composition in the AFS was more similar to that in the NCa than in the SBF and CaR6 systems. In the rainy season, sporulation was most abundant in the AFS-1, CaR6, and SBF systems, whereas GRSP concentrations were highest in the AFS5 during the dry season. Acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase enzyme activity was lower in the AFS1 soils than in the NCa and SBF soils (rainy period), and levels of β-glucosidase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis in the AFS were equal to or higher than those in the NCa in the dry season but lower in the rainy season. AFS thus appear to promote the maintenance of soil biological quality, and may be more sustainable than SBF farming systems in the Brazilian Caatinga over the long term.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Cerrado Biome: Effects of Land Use System, Soil Texture, and Seasonality

“…These species were considered as generalists in the present study (STÜRMER;SIQUEIRA, 2011;MELO et al, 2014). Regarding the occurrence, A. mellea was considered as generalist and A. scrobiculata as intermediate species by Cristo, Fors and Carvalho (2018) in pasture and native forest areas in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil A. scrobiculata, A. mellea, C. etunicatum, and G. macrocarpum were considered as omnipresent and adapted to different land management systems (AZEVEDO et al, 2019;WINAGRASKI et al, 2019;MIGUEL et al, 2020). Spores of Kuklospora colombiana, Acaulospora sp., Glomus sp., Rhizoglomus microaggregatum, Paraglomus occultum, and Scutellospora sp.…”

Soil Microbial and Enzymatic Properties in Luvisols as Affected by Different Types of Agricultural Land-Use Systems and Soil Depth

“…This was associated with the content of microbial biomass, which was definitely higher in the GV profiles compared to the WW profiles. It is commonly known that soil microorganisms are the main source of enzymes in the soil [61]. In turn, the higher microbial biomass content was probably associated with a higher nutrient status (P content-Table 6) as a result of the previous soil management regime.…”

Uso de Tillandsia usneoides como biomonitor na avaliação da qualidade do ar em três bairros do município de Paracambi/RJ

“…Um levantamento feito por Pedone-Bonfim et al, (2018) mostrou a associação promissora dos FMA com trinta espécies de plantas nativas da caatinga, sendo que destas, apenas duas não mostraram resposta à micorrização, revelando a importância desses microrganismos no desenvolvimento e sobrevivência de espécies na região de semiaridez. O mesmo estudo também apontou vantagens na micorrização de plantas medicinais, onde a associação com FMA pode potencializar a produção de compostos bioativos.A perturbação do solo para fins agrícolas pode afetar a diversidade e resposta fisiológica dos FMA's para com o solo e os vegetais (SILVA FOLLI-PEREIRA, et al, 2012), entretanto o estudo de Pontes et al, (2017), demonstrou que a introdução de culturas micotróficas, como o feijão-caupi, em sistemas agroecológicos foi favorável para a diversidade de FMA em solos empobrecidos por antigos sistemas de produção agrícola convencionais Miguel et al, (2020),. analisando a composição do solo em sistemas agroflorestais, concluíram que esta modalidade de cultivo promove a manutenção e pode melhorar a qualidade microbiológica do solo.…”