Soil Morphology and Soil Physical Properties. Ii. Mechanical Impedance and Moisture Retention and Movement

Ayres, K. W.; Button, R. G.; Jong, E. de

doi:10.4141/cjss73-002

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Given that more direct background matching with surrounding substrates can also be an important selective pressure on pelage color in rodents (Caro, 2005;Vignieri et al, 2010), we also included a fourth category of variables associated with the background environment (soil carbon content, soil density, and fire frequency). Soil density was included because sandy soils, which are generally lightly colored, have higher bulk densities than fine silts and clays because they have larger, but fewer, pore spaces (Ayres et al, 1973). Soil carbon content was included because soils with higher carbon content have higher rates of decomposition and thereby produce darker substrates (Schulze et al, 1993).…”

Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Pelage Luminance in Squirrels (Sciuridae)

Sheets

Chavez

2020

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Pelage luminance has been found in many mammalian systems to follow patterns predicted by Gloger's rule where darker colored animals are associated with environments that are warmer and more moist. Sciurids have one of the greatest diversities of color patterns and hues among mammalian families. We have used comparative methods to investigate whether the luminance of dorsal pelage in 137 species across Sciuridae conforms to prediction of Gloger's rule and other background matching expectations. We found using phylogenetic multiple regression, as well as univariate regression, that Sciurids generally conform to the expectations of Gloger's rule. Darker species are associated with environments with higher primary productivity, higher temperature, higher humidity, and lower solar radiation. Moreover, in support of the predictions of background matching, darker squirrel species were associated with environments with greater soil carbon content and higher fire frequency. Our macroevolutionary study sheds some light on selective pressures that are driving the evolution of coloration in Sciurids, but more comparative research is needed to fully understand other selective pressures that have led to the wide diversity of color patterns and hues.

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Section: Environmental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Pelage Luminance in Squirrels (Sciuridae)

Sheets

Chavez

2020

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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“…It has been previously noted that the mechanical impedance of Solonetzic B horizons is higher than for comparable Chernozemic soils (Ayres et al 1973) and the resistance values for these soils show a clear relationship to the expression of the Solonetzic B characteristics. For example, the maximum resistance to 45 cm show a significant (P = 0.02) linear relationship to the mean SAR for the subgroups (Resistance = 1.98 + 0.045 SAR; r 2 = 0.61).…”

Section: Solonetzic Brownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of soil redistribution on soil properties in a cultivated Solonetzic-Chernozemic landscape of southwestern Saskatchewan

Pennock¹,

McCann²,

Jong³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 1999. Effects of soil redistribution on soil properties in a cultivated Solonetzic-Chernozemic landscape of southwestern Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 79: 593-601. Although approximately 1.3 million ha of mixed Solonetzic -Chernozemic landscapes are cultivated in Saskatchewan, little information is available on the effects that agriculture has had on the quality of these soils. At our research site in southwestern Saskatchewan a clear landscape-scale pattern of soil distribution occurred. Regosolic and thin Chernozemic soils were associated with the long, gentle (2-5%) slopes and Solonetzic-influenced soils were associated with higher catchment area footslope and depressional positions. High rates of soil loss occurred throughout the landscape -overall a net soil loss of 31 Mg ha yr -1 was calculated using 137 Cs redistribution techniques. No net depositional sites were observed in the 45 sampling points in the landscape, suggesting that the site was dominated by wind erosion. The high rates of loss were consistent with very low levels of soil organic carbon storage (37 to 46 Mg ha -1 to 45 cm) at all slope positions in the landscape and with the occurrence of sub-soil features in the plough layer. The Solonetzic-influenced soils occupy 38% of the site and have high sodium adsorption ratios (from 18 to 38 in the B horizon) and high soil resistance values as determined with a penetrometer. For the Solonetz and Solodized Solonetz soils these growth-limiting properties occur immediately below the 10-cm plough layer and may constitute a largely irreversible decrease in their productive capacity. Même si quelque 1,3 million d'hectares de paysage à sol solonetzique-chernozémique sont mis en culture en Saskatchewan, on est peu renseigné sur les effets que l'agriculture a eu sur la qualité de ces sols. À notre antenne de recherches du sud-ouest de la Saskatchewan, nous avons observé une nette association de la répartition des sols avec la position dans le paysage, les régosols et les chernozems occupant les longues pentes douces (2-5 %), tandis que les sols de type solonetzique se retrouvaient dans les zones de captage important, en bas de pente et dans les dépressions. Des taux élevés de pertes en sol se produisaient dans tout le tracé du paysage: une perte nette globale de 31 Mg ha par année était calculée au moyen de techniques de redistribution du 137 Cs. Aucun emplacement à dépôt de sol net n'était observé dans les 45 points d'échantillonnage répartis dans le paysage: l'érosion éolienne exerçant un rôle dominant. Ces taux élevés de perte en sol concordent avec le niveau très bas de stockage du carbone organique dans le sol (37 à 46 Mg ha -1 dans la tranche de profondeur de 0 à 45 cm) observés à tous les emplacements dans le paysage. Ils concordent aussi avec la présence de caractères de sous-sol dans la couche de labour. Les sols à influence solonetzique, qui occupent 38 % du terrain, démontrent un rapport d'adsorption du sodium élevé (allant de 18 à 38 dans l'horizon B) et des fortes valeurs de résistance à la...

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