Soil morphology of a debris flow chronosequence in a coniferous forest, southern California, USA

Turk, Judith K.; Goforth, Brett R.; Graham, Robert C.; Kendrick, Katherine J.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2008.05.012

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Th e deposits used for this study are on the western bank of one of the debris fl ow channels, Rattlesnake Creek (N 34.1° W 116.9°,Datum WGS84). Th e ages of the deposits range from <1 to 244 yr old, as determined using dendrochronological techniques (Turk et al, 2008). Th e deposits have a north-facing aspect, 9 to 22% slope gradient, and a convex/…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some woody debris (e.g., branches) is also incorporated into the initial deposits. Very little textural diff erentiation occurred between the horizons with time in the fi ne-earth fraction, though there was a decrease in rock fragments of the surface horizons over the course of the chronosequence (Turk et al, 2008). Soils at the site were classifi ed as either sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Xerorthents or sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Xerofl uvents (Turk et al, 2008).…”

Section: Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation In A Forested Debris Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in a Forested Debris Flow Chronosequence, California

Turk

Graham

2009

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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The role of forest soils in the biogeochemical cycling of C and N is most dynamic during the early stages of soil development. To define C and N trends that occur with soil development in a mixed coniferous forest, a chronosequence formed by debris flows was studied. The accumulation rates of total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) were evaluated in soils on 10 debris flow deposits, ranging from <1 to 244 yr old. Analysis of the mineral soils was restricted to the 30‐cm depth, since this was the depth of the shallowest debris flows. Carbon was found to accumulate in the organic horizons at a rate of 26.5 g m−2 yr−1 throughout the time span of the chronosequence. Total organic C accumulation in the mineral horizons (0–30 cm) occurred from 0 to 82 yr at a rate of 13 g m−2 yr−1, and was nearly stable from 82 to 244 yr. Total N accumulated at a rate of 0.57 g m−2 yr−1 in the organic horizons and a rate of 0.17 g m−2 yr−1 in the mineral horizons (0–30 cm) throughout the 244 yr chronosequence. This study suggests that C accumulation in the upper mineral horizons of young forest soils occurs for <100 yr, while N accumulation is a slower process that occurs for >250 yr. Carbon and N accumulation in the organic horizons, however, both follow a linear trend over the 244‐yr period. The rates of C accumulation suggest a rapid recovery of the soil organic C pool following disturbance.

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Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation In A Forested Debris Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in a Forested Debris Flow Chronosequence, California

Turk

Graham

2009

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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“…Soil types and humus forms do not vary at the same scale of time (Crocker and Major, 1955;Switzer et al, 1979;Turk et al, 2008), making their causal relationships highly variable in space and time, more especially in forest environments (Kuuluvainen et al, 1993;Ponge et al, 1998Ponge et al, , 1999. It has been shown that the thickness of forest floor and the structure of organo-mineral horizons, which are under the paramount influence of ecosystem engineers such as earthworms (Bernier, 1998;Hoogerkamp et al, 1983;Wironen and Moore, 2006; but see Burghouts et al, 1998), can vary according to the age of trees (Aubert et al, 2004;Chauvat et al, 2007;Godefroid et al, 2005), plant successional processes (Emmer and Sevink, 1994;Leuschner et al, 1993;Scheu and Schulz, 1996) and undergo cycles at the scale of centuries in naturally regenerating late-successional forests (Bernier and Ponge, 1994;Sagot et al, 1999;Salmon et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology and climate conditions affect more humus forms than forest canopies at large scale in temperate forests

Ponge¹,

Jabiol²,

Gégout³

2011

Geoderma

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We investigated by linear gradient analysis (RDA) the relationships between forest humus forms (9 humus forms and the Humus Index) and 148 variables describing geology, climate, soil type, geography and the floristic composition of forest canopies, using 3441 plots of the EcoPlant database covering the whole French territory. Among these variables, geology (alkaline vs acidic substrate) and climate (warm/dry vs cold/rainy) were the major determinants of humus forms, scaling mull humus forms from eumull to dysmull and opposing them to mor/moder, while the contribution of tree canopies was negligible. This trend was verified by partial RDA with environment or abundance of tree species from forest canopy as co-factors. The original position of amphi was confirmed: it was the only humus form not included in the gradient of increasing biological activity ordinated according to climate and geology. Results and possible forecasts of humus forms according to global warming were discussed to the light of existing knowledge.

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“…Color was also measured using the L*a*b method in which L* measures the degree of lightness (0 being black and 100 being white), a* represents how red or green the color is (the higher the value, the more red the color), and finally, b* represents how blue or yellow the color is (the higher the value, the more yellow the color) (Turk et al, 2008). When examining the L*a*b color values, the charcoal hearth soil was darker (lower L*) at the surface at the unsorted till site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal Hearth Soils: Remnants of the Iron Industry in the Northeastern U. S

Hesson

2016

Natural Sciences Education

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Over the past years there has been an increasing interest in biochar. Research involving charcoal hearths may help to further illustrate the differences found among soils with charcoal amendments, and also provide information regarding the changes that occur with the presence of charcoal in the soil, thus contributing to the growing body of research surrounding biochar. This research focused on the historic charcoal sites in the Northeastern United States. Forested areas in the Northeast region of the United States were once heavily affected by the iron industry. In iron producing areas, charcoal was necessary to provide a fuel source for refining. Charcoal was itself, produced in order to meet this demand. Charcoaling spurs various changes within the soil. Our results showed that in charcoal hearths, there was an increase in cation exchange capacity (CEC), as well as higher pH and higher levels of soil respiration than non‐ hearth soils. Soil color was also examined and differences were found in relation to soil organic matter (SOM) and soil color.

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Soil morphology of a debris flow chronosequence in a coniferous forest, southern California, USA

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in a Forested Debris Flow Chronosequence, California

Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in a Forested Debris Flow Chronosequence, California

Geology and climate conditions affect more humus forms than forest canopies at large scale in temperate forests

Charcoal Hearth Soils: Remnants of the Iron Industry in the Northeastern U. S

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