Soil mutagenic activity in hazardous waste site of Kalush City (Western Ukraine)

Yakymchuk, R. А.; Valyuk, V.F.

doi:10.15421/2018_288

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Intensive soil, water and air contamination of Kalush industrial district with highly toxic substances from the largest deposit of toxic waste in Europe -LLC "Oriana Halev" and Dombrovskyi potash ore mine, where 11,087.6 t of hexachlorobenzene are stored according to official data (about 50% of all the available waste of danger category I in the territory of Ukraine) (Lysychenko et al, 2015), have caused an increase in the level of genetic pathology, inborn anomalies, new formations, and somatic diseases of the main organ systems among local residents (Rozhko et al, 2014). Based on the estimation of the UN international experts, recultivation of the ground of the territory and removal of toxic waste for further utilization outside the country caused additional contamination of the region with highly toxic chemi-cal compounds and some concern of the world community as to a potential risk of trans-border ecological-technological disasters (Yakymchuk & Valyuk, 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district

Morgun

Yakymchuk

2018

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Mass accumulation of toxic waste near inhabited localities has changed some regions of Ukraine, in particular Kalush industrial area (Ivano-Frankivsk region), into zones of ecological disaster. Research on cytogenetic anomalies caused by chemical soil contamination of the territories of toxic chemical warehouses will be useful in determining the level of mutagenic activity of xenobiotics when they enter the environment and potential mechanisms of the induction of chromosome reconstructions by them and mitosis disorders. The aim of the research is to study frequency and spectrum of the types of cytogenetic disorders in T. aestivum L. under the prolonged effect on the seeds of soil contaminated with hexachlorinebenzene from territories of toxic waste warehousing and to determine the level of their mutagenic activity as compared with the effect of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitrozo-N-methylurea (NMU). Seeds of winter wheat cultivars Al’batros odes’kyi and Zymoiarka were sprouted in the soil samples taken from the toxic waste ground of LLC “Oriana Halev”, its recultivated area and the dump area of Dombrovskyi potash ore mine, situated near Kalush city. Hexachlorobenzene concentrations in the soil of the studied areas exceeded CPC by 1233–18350 times. Soil samples from a tentatively clean area of Svatky village, Hadiach district, Poltava region were taken as the control. To study cytogenetic consequences of the effect of moderate and high concentrations of NMU, wheat seeds were kept in a mutagen water solution at concentrations 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.025%. Frequency and spectrum of cytogenetic anomalies were determined in the cells of sprout root meristem using the anatelophase technique. Chemical contamination of the soil exhibited high mutagenic activity which, by induction frequency of cytogenetic anomalies, exceeded the control level by 1.8–3.8 times and equalled mutagenic activity of NMU in moderate concentrations. The highest level of cytogenetic disorders, which exceeded spontaneous indicators by 3.4–3.8 times, was found when the soil contamination of the territory of the toxic waste ground with hexachlorobenzene was the most intensive. Traces of hexachlorobenzene in the soil of the recultivated plot of the ground continue to manifest high cytogenetic activity and pose a threat for the genomes of living organisms. Frequency of chromosome aberrations at a low hexachlorobenzene concentration in the soil of the disposal area of Dombrovskyi mine exceeded spontaneous indicators by 1.8–2.4 times, which is the result of its complex effect with natural-mineral compounds of mining-chemical raw materials. The increase of some bridges and acentric chromosome rings – markers of a radiation effect – among the types of cytogenetic disorders, induced by the soil contamination with hexachlorobenzene, confirms the radiometric properties of the xenobiotic, which were identified at high concentrations of NMU. The increase in the number of the cells with multiple aberrations, induced by the hexachlorоbenzene contamination of the soil holding the studied objects proves the high genotoxicity of the chemical compound and the threat of serious genetic consequences if it enters the environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district

Morgun

Yakymchuk

2018

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Assessment of mutagenic activity of toxic waste polygon (Kalush) soil’s chemical pollution by the level of cytogenetic disorders in Triticum aestivum L.

Valyuk¹,

Yakymchuk²,

Sobolenko³

et al. 2020

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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Aim. To study the frequency and spectrum of cytogenetic disorders in Triticum aestivum L. with prolonged action on soil xenobiotic seeds of toxic waste storage areas and to explore the level of their mutagenic activity in comparison with the action of NMS’s moderate and high concentrations. Methods. Cytogenetic disorders induced by soil’s chemical contamination of toxic waste landfill of Dombrovsky Quarry dump (Kalush city) and influence of NMS’s moderate and high concentrations were determined in the cells of the meristem root using the ana-thelophase method. Results. Soil’s chemical contamination of the studied objects exhibits high mutagenic activity, which exceeds the control level by 1.8–3.8 times and does not yield to the mutagenic activity of NMS’s moderate concentrations. The high frequency of chromosomal aberrations at the low concentration of hexachlorobenzene in the soil of the Dombrovsky Quarry dumps is a consequence of its complex interaction with natural mineral compounds of the mountain chemical raw materials. Conclusions. The increasing of the spectrum of cytogenetic disorders induced by chemical soil contamination the proportion of bridges and the chromosomal rings testify radiomimetic properties of the mutagenic factors. The increasing of the number of cells with multiple aberrations indicates a high genotoxicity of hexachlorobenzene and the risk of serious genetic consequences in the case of falling it’s into the environment. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., toxic waste, mitosis disorders, chromosomal aberrations, mutagenic activity.

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Soil mutagenic activity in hazardous waste site of Kalush City (Western Ukraine)

Cited by 2 publications

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Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district

Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district

Assessment of mutagenic activity of toxic waste polygon (Kalush) soil’s chemical pollution by the level of cytogenetic disorders in Triticum aestivum L.

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