Soil nitrate accumulation explains the nonlinear responses of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes to nitrogen addition in a temperate needle-broadleaved mixed forest

Geng, Jing; Cheng, Shulan; Fang, Huajun; Yu, Guirui; Li, Xiaoyu; Si, Gangyan; He, Shuang-Hui; Yu, Guanghui

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.03.054

Cited by 45 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, our study found an opposite trend: a decrease in soil CH 4 uptake with low‐level (<50 kg ha −1 year −1 ) N enrichment and an increase in soil CH 4 uptake with high‐level (>50 kg ha −1 year −1 ) N enrichment (Figure S5). Geng et al () found that N addition did not significantly change soil CH 4 uptake over the short term if the addition was lower than the plant N demand, but when the N addition exceeded the plant demand, soil CH 4 fluxes could be considerably stimulated or inhibited. In our study, we found that the N form also had a significant effect on soil CH 4 uptake (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Deng

Huang

Kim

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

141

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The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition on soil organic carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial ecosystems are the main drivers affecting GHG budgets under global climate change. Although many studies have been conducted on this topic, we still have little understanding of how N deposition affects soil C pools and GHG budgets at the global scale. We synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 275 sites from multiple terrestrial ecosystems around the world and quantified the responses of the global soil C pool and GHG fluxes induced by N enrichment. The results showed that the soil organic C concentration and the soil CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions increased by an average of 3.7%, 0.3%, 24.3% and 91.3% under N enrichment, respectively, and that the soil CH4 uptake decreased by 6.0%. Furthermore, the percentage increase in N2O emissions (91.3%) was two times lower than that (215%) reported by Liu and Greaver (Ecology Letters, 2009, 12:1103–1117). There was also greater stimulation of soil C pools (15.70 kg C ha−1 year−1 per kg N ha−1 year−1) than previously reported under N deposition globally. The global N deposition results showed that croplands were the largest GHG sources (calculated as CO2 equivalents), followed by wetlands. However, forests and grasslands were two important GHG sinks. Globally, N deposition increased the terrestrial soil C sink by 6.34 Pg CO2/year. It also increased net soil GHG emissions by 10.20 Pg CO2‐Geq (CO2 equivalents)/year. Therefore, N deposition not only increased the size of the soil C pool but also increased global GHG emissions, as calculated by the global warming potential approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Deng

Huang

Kim

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

141

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“…Although growth of methanotrophic bacteria can be limited by mineral N, such as in rice paddy soils (Bodelier & Laanbroek, ), N‐limited CH 4 oxidation was often not supported by N amendment experiments in other soils. Stimulation of CH 4 oxidation occurred occasionally at low rates of N addition in forest and tree plantation systems (Geng et al, ; Koehler et al, ), but in general, adding nitrogenous fertilizer reduced CH 4 consumption by more than 20% in tree‐based ecosystems (Zhang et al, ; Zheng et al, ). In our study, NH 4 + –N was the dominant mineral N form in soils under rubber, and its concentration was comparable with that in forest soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converting forests into rubber plantations weakened the soil CH₄ sink in tropical uplands

et al. 2019

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Large‐scale conversion of natural forest to rubber plantations has taken place for decades in Southeast Asia, help to make it a deforestation hot spot. Besides negative changes in biodiversity, ecosystem water, and carbon budgets, converting forests to plantations often reduced CH4 uptake by soils. The latter process, which might be partly responsible for resumed increase in the growth rate of CH4 atmospheric concentrations since 2006, has not been adequately investigated. We measured soil surface CH4 fluxes during 2014 and 2015 in natural forests and rubber plantations of different age and soil textures in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China—a representative area for this type of land‐use change. Natural forest soils were stronger CH4 sinks than rubber soils, with annual CH4 fluxes of −2.41 ± 0.28 and −1.01 ± 0.23 kg C ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Water‐filled pore space was the main factor explaining the differences between natural forests and rubber plantations, even reverting rubber soils temporarily from CH4 sink into a methane source during the rainy season in older plantations. Soil nitrate content was often lower under rubber plantations. Added as a model covariate, this factor improved explanation power of the CH4 flux—water‐filled pore space regression. Although soils under rubber plantation were more clayey than soils under natural forest, this was not the decisive factor driving higher soil moisture and lower CH4 uptake in rubber soils. Thus, the conversion of forests into rubber plantations exerts a negative impact on the CH4 balance in the tropics and likely contributes to global climate.

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“…The trends of microbial biomass and soil CO 2 or CH 4 efflux were not completely consistent for different periods (Figure ). Interannual variation in soil CO 2 and CH 4 efflux was largely attributable to the interannual fluctuations in soil temperature and water availability (Geng et al, ). Moreover, increased CO 2 efflux and CH 4 uptake have been reported frequently during FTCs in field experiments (Hu, Sun, Hu, & Guo, ), which is consistent with our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, N addition relieves N limitation of cell growth and subsequently increases activity of the methanotrophic community. Second, NO 3 − ‐N accumulation from the addition of NH 4 NO 3 fertilizer indirectly interferes with the synthesis of enzymes involved in the CH 4 oxidation pathway of N‐starved cells (Geng et al, ). We did not investigate the effects of N addition on soil methanotrophs and methanogenic communities, but found that structure of the microbial community changed significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of artificial nitrogen addition and reduction in precipitation on soil CO₂ and CH₄ effluxes and composition of the microbial biomass in a temperate forest

Yan

Xing

Lü

et al. 2019

European J Soil Science

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To understand the effects of artificially increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) and decreased precipitation on the soil microbial community and soil CO2 and CH4 efflux, a two‐factorial field experiment was carried out with the following treatments: (a) control, (b) N addition (+50 kg N ha−1 year−1), (c) decreased precipitation (−30% of throughfall) and (d) combined N addition and decreased precipitation (+50 kg N ha−1 year−1, −30% of throughfall). The N addition and decreased precipitation treatments had a positive effect on mean CO2 efflux (2.61 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 for control, 4.26 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 for N addition, 3.62 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 for reduction in precipitation) and mean rates of CH4 uptake (0.00088 μmol CH4 m−2 s−1 for control, 0.00154 μmol CH4 m−2 s−1 for N addition, 0.00151 μmol m−2 s−1 for reduction in precipitation) during the growing season. The combined N addition and reduction in precipitation also led to increased soil CO2 efflux and CH4 uptake, but the combined response was weaker than the response to single variable treatments (3.10 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 and 0.00130 μmol CH4 m−2 s−1 interaction), indicating antagonistic effects of the combined treatment. At the seasonal scale, changes in soil CO2 and CH4 efflux were complex, especially in the spring freezing and thawing period, during which pulses of CO2 efflux and CH4 uptake occurred. Decreased precipitation altered the composition of the bacterial community in the winter and growing seasons, and composition of the microbial community also showed a seasonal change. However, changes in microbial community structure under N addition, precipitation reduction and their interaction might be important factors leading to an increase or decrease in soil carbon efflux. Highlights How global changes (N addition and decreased precipitation) affect soil C flux. Seasonal effects of global changes on soil C flux were analysed quantitatively. Decreased precipitation and N‐addition increased soil CO2 flux and decreased soil CH4 flux. Global changes regulate soil C flux by altering soil water, microbial and nutrient status.

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Soil nitrate accumulation explains the nonlinear responses of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes to nitrogen addition in a temperate needle-broadleaved mixed forest

Cited by 45 publications

References 48 publications

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Converting forests into rubber plantations weakened the soil CH₄ sink in tropical uplands

Effects of artificial nitrogen addition and reduction in precipitation on soil CO₂ and CH₄ effluxes and composition of the microbial biomass in a temperate forest

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Soil nitrate accumulation explains the nonlinear responses of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes to nitrogen addition in a temperate needle-broadleaved mixed forest

Cited by 45 publications

References 48 publications

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N2O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N2O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Converting forests into rubber plantations weakened the soil CH4 sink in tropical uplands

Effects of artificial nitrogen addition and reduction in precipitation on soil CO2 and CH4 effluxes and composition of the microbial biomass in a temperate forest

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Product

Resources

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Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N₂O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools

Converting forests into rubber plantations weakened the soil CH₄ sink in tropical uplands

Effects of artificial nitrogen addition and reduction in precipitation on soil CO₂ and CH₄ effluxes and composition of the microbial biomass in a temperate forest