Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Myrold, David D.

doi:10.1002/0471263397.env149

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…The processes that constitute the N-cycle in soil are driven by bacteria, archaea, fungi, and plants (Myrold 2003). Generally, the microbial community in soil has been found to depend on the soil type, plant life and other factors such as climate (Girvan et al 2003;Prober et al 2015;Tedersoo et al 2014).…”

Section: The Soil Microbiome and The N-cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

Sigurdarson

Svane

Karring

2018

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

243

129

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Ammonia emissions from the agricultural sector give rise to numerous environmental and societal concerns and represent an economic challenge in crop farming, causing a loss of fertilizer nitrogen. Ammonia emissions from agriculture originate from manure slurry (livestock housing, storage, and fertilization of fields) as well as urea-based mineral fertilizers. Consequently, political attention has been given to ammonia volatilization, and regulations of ammonia emissions have been implemented in several countries. The molecular cause of the emission is the enzyme urease, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to ammonia and carbonic acid. Urease is present in many different organisms, encompassing bacteria, fungi, and plants. In agriculture, microorganisms found in animal fecal matter and soil are responsible for urea hydrolysis. One strategy to reduce ammonia emissions is the application of urease inhibitors as additives to urea-based synthetic fertilizers and manure slurry to block the formation of ammonia. However, treatment of the manure slurry with urease inhibitors is associated with increased livestock production costs and has not yet been commercialized. Thus, development of novel, environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies for ammonia emission mitigation is important. This mini-review describes the challenges associated with the volatilization of ammonia in agriculture and provides an overview of the molecular processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia emissions. Different technologies and strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are described with a special focus on the use of urease inhibitors. The mechanisms of action and efficiency of the most important urease inhibitors in relation to agriculture will be briefly discussed.

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Section: The Soil Microbiome and The N-cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

Sigurdarson

Svane

Karring

2018

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

243

129

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Geochemistry characteristics and evaluation of the pollution extent of arsenic in wastewater irrigated soil in the North of Tianjin City

Zeng

Ren

2008

Front. Earth Sci. China

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Based on sampling depths, the research environment of the soil in a study area is divided into two parts: the I environment (I-E) and the II environment (II-E). The results of the statistical analysis of arsenic (As) in the soil of the I-E indicates that the statistical characteristic value obey a normal distribution. The mean value of As is close to the world mean value, China and Tianjin City. Also, the contrast between the spatial change characteristics of As of the I-E and the II-E soils showed that the I-E resembles the II-E in the content variety of As. On the other hand, geochemistry methods were applied in the estimation of contaminated extent. The results indicated that the contamination extent of the north of Tianjin City has not been serious.

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Soil Nitrogen Cycle

Abstract: Forms of Soil Nitrogen The Nitrogen Cycle and Nitrogen Balances Dinitrogen Fixation Ammonification Assimilation Net Production and Consumption of NH 4 + Nitrification … Show more

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

The molecular processes of urea hydrolysis in relation to ammonia emissions from agriculture

Geochemistry characteristics and evaluation of the pollution extent of arsenic in wastewater irrigated soil in the North of Tianjin City

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