Soil nutrients and intensive dryland agricultural production in Kaupō, Maui, Hawaiian Islands

Baer, Alexander; Chadwick, Oliver A.

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.07.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Farmers choose places with deep soils first (Figure 5D), corresponding to soils on moderately weathered lava on Santa Cruz Island (Figure 6). Soil characteristics played a more critical role during the earlier settlement process, as farmers expected that a crops' productivity was reflecting in the quantity and quality of plant-available nutrients in the soil [108].…”

Section: Land Cover Change Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Land Cover Change on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos

Herrera

Paque

Maertens

et al. 2022

Land

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Islands are particularly vulnerable to the effects of land cover change due to their limited size and remoteness. This study analyzes vegetation cover change in the agricultural area of Santa Cruz (Galapagos Archipelago) between 1961 and 2018. To reconstruct multitemporal land cover change from existing land cover products, a multisource data integration procedure was followed to reduce imprecision and inconsistencies that may result from the comparison of heterogeneous datasets. The conversion of native forests and grasslands into agricultural land was the principal land cover change in the non-protected area. In 1961, about 94% of the non-protected area was still covered by native vegetation, whereas this had decreased to only 7% in 2018. Most of the agricultural expansion took place in the 1960s and 1970s, and it created an anthropogenic landscape where 67% of the area is covered by agricultural land and 26% by invasive species. Early clearance of native vegetation took place in the more accessible—less rugged—areas with deeper-than-average and well-drained soils. The first wave of settlement consisted of large and isolated farmsteads, with 19% of the farms being larger than 100 ha and specializing in diary and meat production. Over the period of 1961–1987, the number of farms doubled from less than 100 to more than 200, while the average farm size decreased from 90 to 60 ha/farmstead. Due to labor constraints in the agricultural sector, these farms opted for less labor-intensive activities such as livestock farming. New farms (popping up in the 1990s and 2000s) are generally small in size, with <5 ha per farmstead, and settled in areas with less favorable biophysical conditions and lower accessibility to markets. From the 1990s onwards, the surge of alternative income opportunities in the tourism and travel-related sector reduced pressure on the natural resources in the non-protected area.

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Section: Land Cover Change Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Land Cover Change on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos

Herrera

Paque

Maertens

et al. 2022

Land

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“…Unlike the mosaic of predominantly leached sediments in Kahikinui bordering to the west (Coil andKirch 2005, Dixon et al 1999), and the overly wet, incised valleys of Kïpahulu to the east, Kaupö's situation on this Häna Volcanic Series (Sherrod et al 2007, Stearns andMacDonald 1942) placed it within a set of sediments ideally aged for intensive dryland agriculture (Ladefoged et al 2009). Through analyses of soils and sediments across Kaupö, Baer et al (2015) have demonstrated that Kaupö's productive potential was at least as great as that of the Leeward Kohala Field System on Hawai'i Island (Kirch (ed.) 2010, Ladefoged and Graves 2008, Ladefoged et al 1996, 2003.…”

Section: Environmental Setting and Agricultural Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 19 Major sites, 15 are located along the edges of this accretionary fan. Geochemical analyses by Baer et al (2015) have demonstrated that this portion of the flow features what Ladefoged et al (2009) call a "sweet spot" for the production of dryland crops, primarily sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) augmented by dryland taro (Colocasia esculenta), yams (Dioscorea spp.) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarium).…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Ritual Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceremonial architecture and the spatial proscription of community: location versus form and function in Kaupō, Maui, Hawaiian Islands

Baer¹

2016

jps

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Recent work in the district of Kaupö, Maui, has demonstrated the presence of a highly intensified dryland agricultural system, extensive residential sites and a range of ceremonial structures that include some of the largest temples (heiau) in the Hawaiian Islands. In this paper I discuss the ritual sites of Kaupö and how their placement on the landscape demonstrates a unique expression of elite power. Using formal architectural features to define two basic classes of ritual sites, I show that the nutrient-rich core of the district is bounded on either side by a network of monumental temples, effectively proscribing the highly productive interior. In contrast to these major heiau around the exterior, the interior of the district is dominated almost exclusively by small, relatively simple ceremonial spaces. Understanding the differential distribution of the ritual structures in Kaupö offers insights into how pre-contact Hawaiian rulers sought to centralise and control highly productive regions.

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From Gods to God: Impacts of Historical Ecology in the Christian Co-Option of Hawaiian Sacred Spaces

Baer

2021

Hist Arch

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Soil nutrients and intensive dryland agricultural production in Kaupō, Maui, Hawaiian Islands

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

History of Land Cover Change on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos

History of Land Cover Change on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos

Ceremonial architecture and the spatial proscription of community: location versus form and function in Kaupō, Maui, Hawaiian Islands

From Gods to God: Impacts of Historical Ecology in the Christian Co-Option of Hawaiian Sacred Spaces

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