Soil organic carbon depletion in global Mollisols regions and restoration by management practices: a review

Xu, Xiangru; Pei, Jiubo; Xu, Yingde; Wang, Jingkuan

doi:10.1007/s11368-019-02557-3

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…1 ). This result is mainly due to Mollisol is the most fertile soil, it has higher microbial biomass and activity 20 . Long-term application of inorganic fertilizer alone accelerates organic C mineralization and losses in Mollisol, making it inadequate to sustain C levels 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Distributions of straw-derived carbon in Mollisol’s aggregates under different fertilization practices

Bol

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Straw incorporation is an effective measure for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) thereby improving soil quality and crop productivity. However, quantitative assessments of the transformation and distribution of exogenous carbon (C) in soil aggregates under various field fertilization practices have been lacking. In this study, we collected topsoil samples (0–20 cm) from three fertilization treatments (no fertilization control, CK; inorganic fertilizer, IF; inorganic fertilizer plus manure, IFM) at a 29-year long-term Mollisol experiment in Northeast China. We then mixed the soil samples with 13C-labeled maize straw (δ13C = 246.9‰), referred as CKS, IFS, and IFMS, and incubated them in-situ for 360 days. Initial and incubated soil samples were separated into four aggregate fractions (> 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm) using the dry-sieving method, which counted 18%, 17%, 45%, and 21% (averages from the three initial soil samples), respectively. Organic C content was highest in 0.25–1 mm aggregate (6.9–9.6 g kg−1) prior to incubation, followed by > 2 mm aggregates (2.2–5.8 g kg−1), 1–2 mm aggregates (2.4–4.6 g kg−1), and < 0.25 mm aggregates (3.3–4.5 g kg−1). After 360-day incubation with straw incorporation, organic C content was 2.3–4.5 g kg−1, 2.9–5.0 g kg−1, 7.2–11 g kg−1 and 1.8–3.0 g kg−1 in > 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm aggregates, respectively, with the highest in the IFMS treatment. Straw-derived C content was 0.02–0.05 g kg−1, 0.03–0.04 g kg−1, 0.11–0.13 g kg−1, and 0.05–0.10 g kg−1 in > 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm aggregates, respectively. The relative distribution of straw-derived C was highest (40–49%) in 0.25–1 mm aggregate, followed by < 0.25 mm aggregates (21–31%), 1–2 mm aggregates (13–15%), and > 2 mm aggregates (9.4–16%). During the incubation, the relative distribution of straw-derived C exhibited a decrease in > 2 mm and 1–2 mm aggregates, but an increase in the < 0.25 mm aggregate. At the end of incubation, the relative distribution of straw-derived C showed a decrease in the 0.25–1 mm aggregate but an increase in the < 0.25 mm aggregate under the IFMS treatment. This study indicates that more straw-derived C would be accumulated in smaller aggregates over longer period in Mollisols, and combined inorganic and organic fertilization is an effective measure for C sequestration in Northeast China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Distributions of straw-derived carbon in Mollisol’s aggregates under different fertilization practices

Bol

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Soil restoration has been the subject of many literature reviews. When related to agroecosystems, these reviews often focus on soil management practices, including reducing tillage, incorporating organic amendments, and returning crop straw (37,38). Other reviews include a wider range of practices, such as green manure, crop rotation, and agroforestry (39,40).…”

Section: Restoration Of Soil Functions and Services In Agroecosystems...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring Soil Functions and Agroecosystem Services Through Phytotechnologies

Dessureault‐Rompré

2022

Front. Soil Sci.

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Phytotechnology has traditionally been considered as a tool to remediate contaminated soils. While phytotechnology has been generally defined as the application of science and engineering to study problems and provide solutions involving plants, the practical applications go far beyond restoring contaminated land. This review aims to broaden the way we think about phytotechnologies while highlighting how these living technologies can restore, conserve and regenerate the multiple functions and ecosystem services provided by the soil, particularly in the context of agroecosystems. At first, the main problems of soil degradation in agroecosystems are shortly underlined. Subsequently, the importance of plants and their living roots as engines of restoration are reviewed. This paper demonstrates the importance of root traits and functions for soil restoration. It also demonstrates that plant and root diversity together with perenniality are key component of an efficient soil restoration process. Then, a phytotechnology toolbox which includes three pillars for agroecosystems restoration is presented. The three pillars are agricultural practices and land management (1), rhizosphere engineering (2) and ecological intensification (3). This paper also highlights the importance of developing targeted phytotechnology-based restoration strategies developed from root functions and knowledge of rhizosphere processes. More work is needed to evaluate the potential benefits of incorporating phytotechnology-based restoration strategies in the context of grain or vegetable crop productions as most of the studies for agroecosystem restoration strategies were intended to mimic natural prairies.

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“…Lal (2004) reported that land use transformation from natural to agricultural settings lost 60% SOC in temperate environments and 75% or more in the tropics. Additionally, intensive cropping, tillage, and insufficient C inputs have contributed to SOC depletion (Xu et al, 2020). For example, simulations by Yu et al (2020) showed that from 1998 to 2008, tillage in the US caused a 52% release of SOC in agricultural fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variability of soil organic carbon on a corn–soybean watershed with 23 years of agroforestry

et al. 2021

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Unsustainable agricultural practices deplete soil organic carbon (SOC), affecting ecosystem services, land productivity, soil health, and water quality. This study evaluated the long-term effects of row crop (RC), agroforestry buffers (AB), grass buffers (GB), and grassed waterways (GWW) on SOC. Agroforestry buffers (grass and tree) and grass buffer treatments were established in 1997 on a corn (Zea Mays L.)soybean (Glycine Max [L]. Merr.) rotation. Grid soil samples from 86 locations were collected in 10 transects to determine SOC at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. The general linear model and the generalized linear mixed model were conducted to evaluate treatment, landscape, soil depth, and series effects on SOC. Kriging interpolation was used to visualize the temporal and spatial change of SOC in the watersheds, comparing samples collected in 2000 and 1994 with samples collected in 2020. The mean SOC percentage (SOC%) in the top 10 cm depth for the RC, AB, GB, and GWW areas was 1.94, 2.19, 2.41, and 2.51%, respectively (ρ < .001). The soil depth was significant (ρ < .001) between samples from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. The mean SOC% among soil series showed no significant differences at the studied depths. The mean SOC% of 0-10 cm for RC, AB, and GWW were 1. 85, 1.88, and 2.30% in 2000 and 1.94, 2.19, and 2.51% in 2020. The foot-slope position had the highest (2.41%) and the summit position had the lowest SOC (2.02%) percentages. The SOC% in the RC treatment from 0-10 cm at the summit, backslope, and foot slope positions were ranked 1.83 < 2.22 < 2.31%, respectively. Perennial vegetation and undisturbed land management practices increased SOC compared with the RC areas.

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Soil organic carbon depletion in global Mollisols regions and restoration by management practices: a review

Cited by 68 publications

References 70 publications

Distributions of straw-derived carbon in Mollisol’s aggregates under different fertilization practices

Distributions of straw-derived carbon in Mollisol’s aggregates under different fertilization practices

Restoring Soil Functions and Agroecosystem Services Through Phytotechnologies

Spatial and temporal variability of soil organic carbon on a corn–soybean watershed with 23 years of agroforestry

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