Soil Organic Matter Effect on Activity of Acetanilides, CDAA, and Atrazine

Parochetti, J. V.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500032008

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The activity of both formulations of either herbicide was reduced with increasing organic matter content and this could be attributed mainly to adsorption differences caused by the increase of organic matter content. Similar results were reported by Parochetti (1973) and Peter & Weber (1985). The reduced release of ME‐alachlor in mixtures with the highest organic matter content owing to reduced microbial activity from the pH reduction (7.2 and 6.0 in 0 and 8% organic matter content respectively) may account for the activity differences between ME‐ and EC‐alachlor.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Activity, adsorption and mobility of three acetanilide and two new amide herbicides

2001

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Activity, adsorption, and mobility of emulsi®able concentrate (EC) and microencapsulated (ME) formulations of alachlor and acetochlor as well as of metolachlor, S-metolachlor, dimethenamid and¯ufenacet were studied. Petri-dish bioassay, based on root response of oats (Avena sativa L.), was used for their activity in sand and in a silty clay loam soil, and for determination of herbicide concentrations in soil solution (not adsorbed) and in column leachates of the adsorption and mobility studies respectively. Flufenacet and both acetochlor formulations showed the highest activity in both soils and ME-alachlor and metolachlor the lowest; the activity of dimethenamid, EC-alachlor and S-metolachlor was intermediate. Activity of both formulations of alachlor and acetochlor decreased with increasing organic matter content, but alachlor activity was reduced more than that of acetochlor. Lower amounts of dimethenamid and S-metolachlor were adsorbed by soil compared with the other herbicides and, consequently, greater amounts of these two herbicides were leached through that soil. None of the herbicides tested was detected below 30 cm. Less alachlor and acetochlor were biologically available in soil solution after their application as ME-formulations and, therefore, lower amounts of both ME-alachlor and ME-acetochlor were leached through the soil compared with those applied as EC-formulations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Activity, adsorption and mobility of three acetanilide and two new amide herbicides

2001

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“…For example, Parochetti (1973) found that atrazine was much more strongly affected by organic matter than were CDAA and alachlor. Peek and Appleby (1989) found no correlation between bioactivity of metribuzin or its thio analog and clay content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), or organic matter in 5 Oregon soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicity of atrazine and alachlor in soil amended with sludge, manure and activated carbon

Guo

Bicki

Felsot

et al. 1991

J. of Env. Sc. & Hlth., Part B

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Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the influence of waste-activated carbon (WAC), digested municipal sewage sludge (DMS), and animal manure on herbicidal activity of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-trazine] and alachlor [2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide] in a Plainfield sandy soil. Amendments generally reduced bioactivity against oat (Avena sativa L.) and Japanese millet (E. crus-galli frumentacea).The extent to which herbicide phytotoxicity was inhibited depended upon the application rate and the kind of soil amendment. WAC, applied at the loading rate of 2.1 mt C/ha, showed a significant inhibitory effect on both herbicides. In DMS-and manure-amended soil, the reduction of atrazine activity was not significant at the rate 513 Copyright© 1991 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. GUO ET AL.of 8.4 mt C/ha, but reduction of alachlor activity was significant at the rate of 4.2 mt C/ha. Despite inhibition of herbicidal activity, the ED 50 of atrazine and alachlor was below 2 ppm in most of the amendment treatments. Before adopting carbon-rich waste amendments as management practices for controlling pesticide leaching in coarsetextured soils, further studies are needed to characterize how alterations in sorption, leaching and degradation may affect herbicidal activity.

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“…showing that the herbicide dosage necessary to obtain a determined level of weed control is related to the soil capacity for herbicide adsorption and that the differences become accentuated when the amount of soil organic matter increases. Parochetti (1973) observed a positive correlation between the amount of organic matter and the alachlor dosage required to control 50% of the weed Seiaria faberi (Herrm), whereas Peter and Weber (1985) observed that the alaehlor and metolachlor dosage necessary to control 80% ofthe weeds {Amaranthu.s relojie.xus L., Ambrosia artemiisifotia L.. and Echlnochloa crusgalU L.) increased with an increase in soil organic matter.…”

Section: Results and Discusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity, Adsorption, and Lixiviation of Acetochlor in Soil under No Tillage and Conventional Tillage: Influence of Straw Coverage

Ferri¹,

Adams²,

Peralba³

et al. 2006

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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The activity of residual herbicides employed for weed control varies with adsorption, lixiviation. degradation, and biological transformation of these compounds in the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of the herbicide acetochlor (2-chloro-N-ethoxymethyi-6''ethylacet-o-toluidineJ in Typic 627 628 M. V. W. Ferri et al.Paleodult under no tillage and convenlional tillage. Field and laboratory experiments were carried out at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Weed control with and without straw coverage, and adsorption and lixiviation of acetochlor, in soil wiih both tillage systems were evaluated. Adsorption and lixiviation processes were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector. The coefficients K,i and K,,^. were higher in no-tillage soil, indicating a more effeclive acclochlor adsorption. The maximum concentration of acetochlor was found in a depth of 15-20cm. indicating a higher lixiviation in this soil. The acetochlor was more effective in weed control using conventional tillage when compared to no tillage. The straw coverage reduced the conlrol efliciency of the herbicide.

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Soil Organic Matter Effect on Activity of Acetanilides, CDAA, and Atrazine

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Activity, adsorption and mobility of three acetanilide and two new amide herbicides

Activity, adsorption and mobility of three acetanilide and two new amide herbicides

Phytotoxicity of atrazine and alachlor in soil amended with sludge, manure and activated carbon

Activity, Adsorption, and Lixiviation of Acetochlor in Soil under No Tillage and Conventional Tillage: Influence of Straw Coverage

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