Soil Pollution by Petroleum-Derived Substances and its Bioremediation: The Effect on Aphis fabae Scop. Infestation and Antioxidant Response in Vicia faba L.

Abstract

In this study, the effects of soil contamination with petroleum-derived substances (PDSs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) and its bioremediation using biopreparation ZB-01 on broad bean infestation by black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scop., as well as on the antioxidant enzymes activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD)) and antioxidant (non-protein thiols and proline) content in plant leaves, were determined. Results showed that after three years from the moment of soil contamination PDSs limited infestation of broad bean by A. fabae. However, the adverse effects on aphids’ life cycles were not proven. The lowered infestation may result from the lower attractiveness of contaminated plants to pests. PDSs significantly affected the activities of enzymes and the antioxidants content, with that effect being diversified. The increased activity of SOD was found in plants exposed to diesel fuel, together with the lowest numbers of aphids accompanying it, which can suggest a certain role of the enzyme in pest response to the stress caused by this PDS. The ZB-01 biopreparation limited the adverse effect of PDSs on the degree of broad bean plant infestation by A. fabae. Its influence on the antioxidant response was diversified. In the plants exposed to EO, changes in antioxidant response were reduced under the influence of ZB-01.

Effect of Crude Oil on Growth, Oxidative Stress and Response of Antioxidative System of Two Rye (Secale cereale L.) Varieties

“…Additionally, a number of studies revealed a decrease in proline level in leaves of Plantago lanceolata [ 51 ] and Brassica juncea [ 52 ] exposed to heavy metal soil contamination. Rusin et al [ 17 ] found that soil contamination with petroleum-derived substances led to a decrease in proline content in leaves of broad bean plants. At the same time, the authors previously showed that soil contamination with diesel and gasoline led to an increase in proline content in wheat plants [ 5 ].…”

“…Despite the fact that the antioxidative system and its significance for the adaptation of plants to pollution stresses has been reviewed frequently, little is known about the effects of crude oil stress on the plant antioxidative system. Some studies have shown a change in the contents of proline, non-protein thiols [ 5 , 17 ], ascorbic acid, riboflavin, anthocyanins [ 18 ], phenolic compounds, and flavonoids [ 19 ] in plants growing on oil contaminated soils. A number of authors have investigated the effect of oil pollution on the activity of plant antioxidative enzymes [ 9 , 12 ].…”

Influence of Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Bacteria on the Growth, Biochemical Characteristics, and Hormonal Status of Barley Plants and the Content of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Soil

“…Data on changes in the level of this amino acid in plants at different concentrations of oil in the soil are quite contradictory and are determined both by the type of pollutant and the type (and even variety) of plants [ 20 ]. For example, the presence of diesel fuel and gasoline in soil has been shown to increase the accumulation of this amino acid in wheat plants, while pollution with oil products caused its decrease in the leaves of bean plants [ 63 , 64 ]. In the present experiment, the presence of oil led to a sharp increase in its content in the leaves compared to the control ( Table 4 ).…”

Salinity Modulates Juncus acutus L. Tolerance to Diesel Fuel Pollution

“…Petroleum-derived substances (PDSs) such as diesel, have become a common soil pollutant [ 1 ]. Nowadays it is considered a global problem because of the harmful effects that these compounds exert on the natural environment [ 1 ]. Contamination with PDSs can cause phytotoxicity in several plant species [ 2 ].…”

“…This phytotoxicity is affected by many variables such as the time that has passed since the contamination [ 6 , 8 ], the contamination degree [ 7 , 9 ] and the plant species [ 9 , 10 ]. In addition, soil contamination with PDSs constitutes a potential danger to human health and life [ 1 ]. Therefore, efforts have been undertaken in order to find effective, economically affordable and environmentally friendly methods to restore contaminated soils [ 11 , 12 ].…”