“Soil Pollution Hazardous to Environment”: A case study on the chemical composition and correlation to automobile traffic of the roadside soil of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia

Kadi, Mohammad W.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.015

Cited by 85 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, Zn, Pb and Ni contents in sediments in Zhengjiang were higher than those in Nanjing; Cu and Cr contents in Zhengjiang were similar to and less than those in Nanjing, respectively (Zhu et al, 2008). (Kartal et al, 2006;Ewen et al, 2009;Kadi, 2009). Metal contents in Nangjing were less than those in Hong Kong and Seoul, but higher than Kayseri except for Cd (Table 1).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentrations In Rdssmentioning

confidence: 92%

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Yun

Luo

et al. 2011

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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À 1 for Cr. Metal fractionation was carried out using a modified three-step European Bureau of References (BCR) sequential extraction procedure. Cadmium and Zn were found predominantly associated with the acid extractable fractions; Ni and Cr were dominant in the residual fraction; Pb was predominantly associated with the residual and reducible fractions; Cu was dominant in the oxidizable and residual metal fractions. Based on the sum of the acid-extractable, reducible, and oxidizable fractions, Cd, Zn and Pb are potentially the most toxic metals in the road-deposited sediment in Nanjing. No significant differences, except for Zn, were found in the metal fractionation pattern for Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr in different land use zones.

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Section: Heavy Metal Concentrations In Rdssmentioning

confidence: 92%

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Yun

Luo

et al. 2011

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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“…The soil concentrations of lead and potassium were taken from the results of Kadi [18] for the background sample. Potassium was used as the reference element because its average concentration in all samples was close to that in the background soil sample.…”

Section: Enrichment Factor (Ef)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, all these studies were conducted before leaded gasoline phase-out in Saudi Arabia. There is no available literature on atmospheric PM 2.5 and lead in Saudi Arabia after leaded gasoline phase-out except for one recent study on roadside soil pollution in Jeddah city [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Lead in PM_2.5 after Leaded Gasoline Phase‐out in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Aburas

Zytoon

Abdulsalam

2011

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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. The collected PM 2.5 -samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for determination of lead. The average atmospheric PM 2.5 concentration was 50.8 mg/m 3 . Atmospheric PM 2.5 -concentrations were higher than the 24-h U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) in 14 sample events. The average lead concentration for all samples was 0.07326 mg/m 3 . Atmospheric lead concentration was dependent on the sampling location. Concentrations at the two southern locations were higher than at the two northern locations. Southern locations had higher lead concentrations due to very high traffic density, in addition to their proximity to industrial zone. In general, the results of this study show a considerable decrease in atmospheric lead concentration 7 years after phasing out leaded gasoline. The study recommends further studies to accurately determine the current sources of atmospheric lead.

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“…Industrial and vehicular emissions combine to give Jeddah a serious air pollution problem. Thousands of old vehicles crowd the city streets with poor regulation of emission levels, and the city's factories create additional environmental hazards (Kadi, 2009). Concentrations of heavy metals, gaseous air pollutants and particulate emissions far exceed internationally acceptable standards (Al-Jeelani, 2008;Hassan and Basahi, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Variation in Ambient Ozone and Its Associated NOx in the Atmosphere of Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Hassan

Basahi

Ismail

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Concentrations of ambient ozone (O 3 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) were measured continuously for a period of 12 months in the city of Jeddah from December 2011 to December 2012. Meteorological parameters, wind speed, temperature, and relative humidity were also monitored. Concentrations of ground O 3 were found to be highly dependent on the NO x diurnal cycle and wind speed. Nitrogen oxides were found to exceed air quality standards, especially in industrial sites, while O 3 concentrations were found to exceed 40 ppb, averaged over 1 h, on more than 24% of the measured days in the rural sites. Furthermore, they exceeded 30% in all other areas (i.e., the urban ones).O 3 and NO x were inversely related. The highest average NO x concentration (96 ppb) occurred in a rural area downwind of a desalination plant, while the average O 3 concentration peaked in a rural area upwind of a desalination plant, reaching 63.5 ppb, although it also reached 72.6 in another rural area, and we consider this latter result as the background figure in the present study. The seasonal variations of O 3 were more distinct than those of NO x . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report providing comprehensive background information on air quality in an arid area of the developing world.

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“Soil Pollution Hazardous to Environment”: A case study on the chemical composition and correlation to automobile traffic of the roadside soil of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 85 publications

References 16 publications

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Atmospheric Lead in PM_2.5 after Leaded Gasoline Phase‐out in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Variation in Ambient Ozone and Its Associated NOx in the Atmosphere of Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

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“Soil Pollution Hazardous to Environment”: A case study on the chemical composition and correlation to automobile traffic of the roadside soil of Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 85 publications

References 16 publications

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Total concentrations and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments collected from different land use zones in a large city (Nanjing), China

Atmospheric Lead in PM2.5 after Leaded Gasoline Phase‐out in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Variation in Ambient Ozone and Its Associated NOx in the Atmosphere of Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

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Atmospheric Lead in PM_2.5 after Leaded Gasoline Phase‐out in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia