Soil properties and microclimate of two predominant landscapes in the Brazilian semiarid region: Comparison between a seasonally dry tropical forest and a deforested area

Silva, Thieres George Freire da; Queiroz, Maria Gabriela de; Zolnier, Sérgio; Souza, Luciana Sandra Bastos de; Souza, Carlos André Alves de; Moura, M. S. B. de; Araújo, Gherman Garcia Leal de; Neto, Antônio José Steidle; Santos, Thalyta Soares dos; Melo, André Laurênio de; Neto, José Francisco da Cruz; Silva, Marcelo José da; Alves, Hygor Kristoph Muniz Nunes

doi:10.1016/j.still.2020.104852

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Valores maiores de metais como Fe, Zn, Cu, Mg foram observados, principalmente, em regiões desmatadas de clima seco (Silva et al, 2021), o que pode implicar em um maior lixiviamento de metais do solo.…”

Section: Autoresunclassified

Agricultura em Áreas Industriais e Contaminação por Metais Pesados: Estratégias para redução deste Impacto Ambiental

Sousa

Santos

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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Concentrações elevadas de metais pesados podem ocorrer em áreas próximas de complexos industriais e em solos ao redor das áreas de mineração, o que pode se estender para alimentos agrícolas, causando efeitos adversos na saúde da população, danos ecológicos, além de implicar em bioacumulação. Devido à facilidade de dispersão dos metais pesados no meio ambiente, especialmente na agricultura que adentra à cadeia alimentar, o objetivo desse estudo foi revisar dados sobre esta contaminação em vegetais cultivados em áreas industriais e identificar possíveis estratégias para minimizar o impacto ambiental. Vários estudos apontam que solos e vegetais cultivados próximos de áreas industriais apresentam elevadas concentrações de metais pesados, sendo ainda maior proporcionalmente à proximidade da área poluente. Dentre os tipos de vegetais, os folhosos foram os que apresentaram maior teor de contaminação de metais do que os vegetais frutados ou de raiz, o que aponta que, além do solo, a contaminação atmosférica influencia no vegetal exposto. Além disto, existe correlação entre espécie vegetal e biodisponibilidade/absorção de determinados metais em detrimento a outros. É notório que o cultivo de produtos agrícolas em áreas industriais e circunvizinhas é uma prática que põe em risco potencial de toxicidade a população que utiliza estes produtos como alimento. Algumas estratégias podem ser adotadas com intuito de minimizar a contaminação, dentre estas, técnicas naturais de manejo de cultivo de vegetais, seleção de tipos de vegetais com menor possibilidade de toxicidade para áreas específicas, técnicas para aumentar fatores de proteção do vegetal e descontaminação do solo, controle e fiscalização efetivos nos efluentes industriais. Agriculture in Industrial Areasand Heavy Metal Contamination: Strategies to reduce this Environmental Impact A B S T R A C TContamination by heavy metals can occur in locations close to industrial complexes and in soils around mining areas, which can extend to agricultural foods, causing adverse effects on the population's health, ecological damage, in addition to resulting in bioaccumulation. Heavy metals are rapidly dispersed in the environment, especially in agriculture that enters the food chain. Thus, the objective of this study was to review this contamination in vegetables grown in industrial areas and to identify possible strategies to minimize the socio-environmental impact. Many studies show that soils and vegetables cultivated close to industrial areas have high concentrations of heavy metals, being even greater in proportion to the proximity of the polluting area. Among the types of vegetables, the leafy ones were those that had a higher content of metal contamination than fruity or root vegetables, which indicates that, in addition to the soil, atmospheric contamination influences the exposed plant. In addition, there is a correlation between plant species and bioavailability of certain specific metals. The cultivation of agricultural products in industrial and surrounding areas is a practice that poses a potential risk of toxicity to the population that consumes these products as food. Some strategies can be adopted in order to minimize contamination, among them, natural techniques for handling vegetable cultivation, selection of types of vegetables with less possibility of toxicity for specific areas, techniques to increase plant protection factors and soil decontamination, effective control and inspection in industrial effluentsKeywords: heavy metals; soil contamination; industrial areas, agriculture, agroecology.

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Section: Autoresunclassified

Agricultura em Áreas Industriais e Contaminação por Metais Pesados: Estratégias para redução deste Impacto Ambiental

Sousa

Santos

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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“…Studies evaluating the eff ects of land use change on C (carbon) and N (nitrogen) dynamics (Althoff et al, 2018), energy and water fl ows (Silva et al, 2017), nutrient cycling (Moura et al, 2016), microbial abundance (Neves et al, 2021), physical and chemical soil quality (Mota et al, 2014) and microclimate ( Silva et al, 2021) have been conducted in diff erent SAB regions. Numerous studies have also shown the eff ects of degradation on the soil attributes of the SAB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have also shown the eff ects of degradation on the soil attributes of the SAB. Most of these studies have assessed these changes in the fi rst soil layers (Mora and Lázaro, 2014;Araújo Filho et al, 2017;Althoff et al, 2018) and, to a lesser extent, in depths greater than 40 cm and/or in subsurface pedogenetic horizons (Neves et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2021;Menezes et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the importance of these studies, combined with the fact that soil properties and attributes can be safely used to assess soil quality (Maurya et al, 2020). Research that seeks to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological attributes of soils under Caatinga in diff erent stages of regeneration has been neglected (Silva et al, 2021). Thus, in this research we seek to evaluate the physical, chemical and biological attributes of soil layers exposed on the surface by land degradation, where even after interventions and actions towards reforestation, it still has a slow capacity for vegetation regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Degradation on Soil Attributes Under Caatinga in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

et al. 2023

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Anthropic activities in their various aspects have promoted soil degradation in the Brazilian semi-arid region (SAB). As a result, significant losses in productivity and in the ability of soils to fulfill their ecological functions have been reported. The present study investigated the effects of degradation on soil attributes and properties under dense (CAD) and sparse (CAE) shrubby Caatinga in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Samples from the 0-20 cm layer of soil were investigated via physical (particle size distribution and soil density), chemical (acidity, electrical conductivity, macronutrients, soil organic matter) and microbiological attributes (microbial biomass carbon (C-BMS), basal respiration of the soil (RBS) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) Data were submitted to the Mann-Whitney Test and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Anthropic actions on the CAE promoted the exposure of the saprolitic layer on the surface. This layer has imperfect drainage, low levels of nutrients and organic matter and high sodicity, which contributes to the slow regeneration of vegetation. Carbon stock and microbial activity are significantly lower in CAE compared to CAD. Degradation resulted in losses of supporting ecosystem services (nutrient cycling and primary production) and regulation (erosion control and climate regulation). The results can be used to understand the dynamics of landscapes of low complexity (high degradation) in the SAB and serve as a framework to find strategies to restore the productive capacity of extensive degraded and/or desertified areas in the SAB.

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“…The semi-arid region of Brazil is one of the dry areas of the world which are highly susceptible to variations in climate (Silva et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2021b). The high number of goats, sheep, and cattle makes this region one of the most important in the country for production chains (Nunes et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated management of agronomic practices in the forage cactus: maximising productivity, biological efficiency and economic profitability

Alves¹,

Jardim²,

Souza³

et al. 2022

J PROF ASSOC CACTUS

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Forage cactus cropping systems that include a combination of agricultural practices (cloning, irrigation, mulching and/or intercropping) can increase forage production and economic return in semi-arid environments. This study evaluated the effect on productivity, biological efficiency and economic return of combining different practices with forage cactus cropping systems in the semi-arid region of Brazil. The research was conducted in four experimental areas, in a randomised block design with four replications, and included the following practices: 1) clones – irrigation - cover, 2) different irrigation depths, 3) intercropping - mulching, and 4) different levels of mulch. The treatments in experiment I consisted of three cactus clones (‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’—OEM; ‘Miúda’—MIU and ‘IPA-Sertânia’—IPA), two water regimes (rainfed and irrigated), and two levels of mulch (with and without mulch). Experiment II comprised four irrigation depths (0, 40, 80 and 120% of the crop evapotranspiration) and three cactus clones. In experiment III, three crop arrangements (single cactus, cactus intercropped with millet, and single millet) were evaluated under two levels of mulching (with and without mulching). In experiment IV, four levels of mulch were used (0, 5, 10 and 15 Mg ha-1). The total number of cladodes per plant, fresh matter yield (YFM), dry matter yield (YDM), and final plant density were obtained when harvesting. Economic viability was assessed using the profitability index (PI). The rainfed systems showed greater yield. The use of mulch afforded greater productivity. The OEM clone (YFM = 310.76 Mg ha-1 and YDM = 29.87 Mg ha-1) obtained a higher yield than did the IPA and MIU clones. The highest PI values were achieved under the rainfed systems. The MIU and IPA clones exhibited lower PI values. The cactus-millet intercrop achieved the best performance with the use of mulch. Cactus systems of 15.0 Mg ha-1 showed a greater PI value. It was concluded that the integrated management of such practices as intercropping, mulching and the adoption of the OEM clone can increase the supply of forage. These practices can promote the sustainable intensification of forage input in Livestock Production Systems in semi-arid environments.

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Soil properties and microclimate of two predominant landscapes in the Brazilian semiarid region: Comparison between a seasonally dry tropical forest and a deforested area

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

Agricultura em Áreas Industriais e Contaminação por Metais Pesados: Estratégias para redução deste Impacto Ambiental

Agricultura em Áreas Industriais e Contaminação por Metais Pesados: Estratégias para redução deste Impacto Ambiental

Effects of Degradation on Soil Attributes Under Caatinga in the Brazilian Semi-Arid

Integrated management of agronomic practices in the forage cactus: maximising productivity, biological efficiency and economic profitability

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