Soil Quality at Rice Fields with Organic, Semi-organic and Inorganic Management in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia

Abstract

The high demand of rice is fulfilled by intensification, particularly with the use of chemical fertilizer that allegedly causes land and environmental problems in a long term. As public awareness of environmental health rises, more rice fields are managed organically and semi-organically, but there are still many that manage rice fields inorganically. Assessment of soil quality of the three types of rice field management is important to prove that organic rice fields have better soil quality than semi-organic and inorganic rice fields, as well as to evaluate soil conditions on the location. This research was conducted in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia, using a descriptive explorative method with a survey approach on three points of each management system of rice fields, which are organic, semi-organic and inorganic rice fields. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the indicators affecting soil quality, which are called the minimum data set (MDS). There were selected indicators in this research, including total microbes, base saturation, cation exchangeable capacity and organic carbon. Based on the results of the study, organic rice fields have the best soil quality with a score of soil quality index (SQI) of 2.3, compared to semi-organic rice field SQI (2.2) and inorganic rice field SQI (1.7). The results indicate that organic management contributes to better soil quality and environment.

Drought potential index using Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) method based on Geographical Information System (GIS) in Slogohimo, Wonogiri Indonesia

“…Organic mulch is permeable, biodegradable, and therefore can gradually lose its mulch function and, with the decomposition process, becomes a source of organic matter for the soil [23]. Adding organic matter can enchance soil characteristics such as increasing soil porosity and decreasing soil bulk density [24], increasing soil infiltration so water is easily absorbed and stored as groundwater.…”

Assessing the Effect of Rice Management System on Soil and Rice Quality Index in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia

“…In 2021, the exports to Europe, the US, and Malaysia will reach 341.1 tons each quarter (Statistic Indonesia, 2022). Organic agriculture avoids synthetic pesticides and fertilizers (Supriyadi et al, 2021). The addition of organic matter in organic farming provides plant nutrition.…”

The distribution of soil fertility index and its interaction with earthworms density under organic, semi-organic, and inorganic rice fields

“…In order to maintaining rice productivity, is needed the optimal soil fertility (Mahendratta et al, 2021;Maro'ah et al, 2022). One of the factors that affect plant growth, productivity, and quality is soil fertility (Supriyadi et al, 2021;Syamsiyah et al, 2023). The condition of soil fertility depends on its management (Kome et al, 2018), and impacts on the availability and quantity of soil nutrients (Saosang et al, 2022;Pinandoyo et al, 2023).…”