Soil Remediation From Heavy Metals Using Mathematical Modelling/Sunkiųjų Metalų Valymas Iš Dirvožemio Remiantis Matematiniais Modeliais/Очищение Почвы От Тяжелых Металлов С Применением Математического Моделирования

Jankaite, Audrone

doi:10.3846/1648-6897.2009.17.121-129

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some recently studied advanced sludge treatment processes aimed to reduce the potential environmental risks of sludge. According to the literature (Jankaitė, Vasarevicius 2005;Jankaitė 2009;Mench et al 1994;Paulauskas et al 2006), the remediation methods for soil and sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals include solidification/stabilisation, vitrification, electrokinetic remediation, chemical extraction, phytoextraction, phytostabilisation, and chemical stabilisation. Each of these techniques has advantages and disadvantages, depending on the cleaned object, its quantity, the pollution levels and other factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of heavy metals in sewage sludge and their removal using low-molecular-weight organic acids

Zaleckas

Paulauskas

Sendžikienė

2012

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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The total concentration and the concentrations of individual chemical species of selected heavy metals were estimated in primary and anaerobically digested sewage sludge. The concentration of Zn (1503 mg/kg) was highest and was followed by Cu (201 mg/kg), Cr (196 mg/kg), Pb (56 mg/kg), Ni (44 mg/kg) and Cd (3.6 mg/kg). The metal was divided into 5 fractions (exchangeable (F1), adsorbed (F2), organically bound (F3), bound to carbonates (F4), and residual (F5)) via sequential extraction. The sludge treatment procedure had no significant effect on the fractionation results. In both the primary and anaerobically digested sewage sludge, the heavy metals were ranked according to their mobilities (fractions F1 and F2) in the following order: Ni Zn Cu Cd Pb Cr. Metal stability in the environment was evaluated by the sulphide and residual fraction F5, and the following ranking order was identified: Cr Pb :Ni Cd Zn :Cu. A leaching experiment with low-molecular-weight organic acids (oxalic, acetic and citric acid) revealed that the metal-removal efficiency varied depending on the number of carboxyl groups in the extracting agent, the chemical speciation of the metal (Ni, Zn or Cu) in the sludge and the concentration and pH change of the extracting solution. Acid solutions with a 0.5 M concentration, ranked according to their Zn-removal efficiency, are ranked as follows: citric acid (100%) acetic acid (78%) oxalic acid (71%). In all of the cases, citric acid showed the best capacity for the removal of metal from the sludge, with an extraction efficiency ranging from 30Á100%, while the Ni and Cu removal efficiencies with the acetic and oxalic acid were less than 40%. Keywords: sewage sludge, heavy metals, sequential extraction, heavy metal removal, organic acids. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Zaleckas, E.; Paulauskas, V.; Sendžikienė, E. 2013. Fractionation of heavy metals in sewage sludge and their removal using low-molecular-weight organic acids, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 21(3): 189Á198. http://dx.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of heavy metals in sewage sludge and their removal using low-molecular-weight organic acids

Zaleckas

Paulauskas

Sendžikienė

2012

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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“…Although other models obviate many of the fundamental processes of metal uptake, some mathematical models are useful for providing information important to the planning and implementation of phytoremediation tasks at the industrial level and for assessing the potential of the plant species used, including economic aspects, for example, the cost and number of harvest cycles that would be needed to reduce the con-centration of a metal in the soil to an optimum (Thomas et al 2005), the identification of the time and concentration conditions for phytoextraction purposes (Gonnelli et al 2000), the number of years for the decontamination of each metal in a multi-contaminated soil (Jankaite 2009), and the maximum metal content in the biomass yield (Chen et al 2012). …”

Section: Predictive Models Of Optimal Metal Removal Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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IntroductionPhytoextraction is a process which can remove the soluble (bioavailable) metal pool from soil or aqueous solutions using different kinds of terrestrial or aquatic plants. This transport may be divided into three different steps: (1) absorption from the solution (e.g., soil solution), (2) transport to the root xylem, and (3) transport to the shoots (Mench et al. 2009).A modern approach, how to evaluate the extraction potential of selected plants as well as how to plan and design the most effective metal phytoextraction, is the ability to relevantly model this process. There are many studies aimed at the modeling of metal transport. Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of present studies, which are focused on the modeling of the phytoremediation process. In general, developing an applicable model requires sufficient conceptual model description and a fundamental theoretical understanding of the studied system, as well as its experimental equipment and measurement; these are all crucial aspects required to create a relevant simulation of studied problem. This chapter attempts to describe the problems associated with metal phytoextraction modeling. The term "root metal uptake" is crucial for the simulation of phytoremediation of metals, which is a concrete modification of the general term "root uptake." Root uptake is one of the most important processes considered in numerical models because root surfaces represent the first-phase boundaries in nature for nutrients and toxic elements. In order to efficiently model the phytoextraction processes, it is essential to provide information about (1) the spatiotemporal concentration changes of metals in the root-influenced soil and (2) the cumulative uptake of metals per unit length of root over time (Darrah et al. 2006). Root UptakeDetermining water and metal uptake by plant roots and their subsequent translocation into the tissues of the aerial parts is obviously critical for assessing the modeling of phytoremediation options. Because metals are taken up by plants dissolved in water, it is crucial to have information about the transport of water and the hydraulic properties of the roots. Root Water UptakeWater is primarily absorbed by the root hairs and other root zones and then transported to the aerial parts in xylem tissues. Water absorption by the plants is mainly a response to the water potential gradient (from low to high energy) from the rhizosphere to the xylem of the roots. Soil water has a lower total solute concentration than plant water, and hence the osmotic gradient tends to drive water from the soil into the root. The rate of water uptake from the soil depends on rooting density, the hydraulic conductivity of the roots, and the difference between average soil-water suction and root suction. The root hydraulic conductivity is a measure of the amount of water transported by the root in an interval of time at a determinate pressure [mg g et al. 1987). It depends on osmotic potential gradients which result from differences in the composition and t...

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“…All these activities generate pollutants which one way or another way, as gases, solid particles or solutions, access the environment. Heavy metals are the result of the modern industry (Peters 1999;Hooda 2003;Barazani et al 2004;Morel 2002;Sun et al 2001;Khan 2005;Boularbah et al 2006;Wu et al 2006;Pereira et al 2006;Jankaitė 2009). Nearly all chemical elements are found in soil in the form of different compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation Into Heavy Metal Concentration by the Gravel Roadsides / Sunkiųjų Metalų Koncentracijų Žvyrkelių Pakelių Dirvožemiuose Vertinimas / Оценка Концентр Аций Тяжелых Металлов В Почве Обочин Гравийных Дорог

Mikalajūnė

Jakučionytė

2011

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape ManagementPublication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:Abstract. Vehicles release large amounts of heavy metals to the environment. There have been done a lot of investigations analysing the distribution of heavy metals in soils near intensive regional roads. However, there is lack of investigations into the impact of small-intensity gravel roads on roadside soil contamination with heavy metals. The object of this investigation is four gravel roads of local significance connecting small villages. The intensity of these roads is very low. The gravel roads are chosen according to application of dust-minimizing materials, for example, CaCl 2 and oil emulsion. According to our results, none of the soil samples had an excess of heavy metal concentration limit. Besides, heavy metal concentrations were decreasing with a distance from the road increasing. We can make an assumption that road dust-minimizing materials do not have a significant impact on heavy metal distribution in roadside soils. The major factors of heavy metal pollution distribution in roadside soils are traffic intensity, roadside trenches, and topographic conditions.

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Soil Remediation From Heavy Metals Using Mathematical Modelling/Sunkiųjų Metalų Valymas Iš Dirvožemio Remiantis Matematiniais Modeliais/Очищение Почвы От Тяжелых Металлов С Применением Математического Моделирования

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Fractionation of heavy metals in sewage sludge and their removal using low-molecular-weight organic acids

Fractionation of heavy metals in sewage sludge and their removal using low-molecular-weight organic acids

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

Investigation Into Heavy Metal Concentration by the Gravel Roadsides / Sunkiųjų Metalų Koncentracijų Žvyrkelių Pakelių Dirvožemiuose Vertinimas / Оценка Концентр Аций Тяжелых Металлов В Почве Обочин Гравийных Дорог

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