Soil solarization in Greece

Vizantinopoulos, S.; Katranis, N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1993.tb01936.x

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…2000; Benlioglu et al . 2005), Greece (Vizantinopoulos & Katranis 1993), and Israel (Horowitz et al . 1983), but less susceptible in Argentina (Bustamante et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

El‐Keblawy

Al-Hamadi

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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The efficacy of solarization in weed control under field conditions of the United Arab Emirates was evaluated by two methods: on-farm weed assessment and a seed germination test. In the on-farm weed assessment method, the weed frequency, density, and dry weight were compared in the solarized and non-solarized plots that were cultivated with cabbage. Prior to solarization, the soil was artificially infested with the seeds of 10 weeds. Generally, the densities of seven species and dry weights of five species were significantly lower in the solarized plots as compared to the control. Launea mucronata, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Echinochloa colona were very sensitive to solarization, as they did not appear in the solarized plots. However, Portulaca oleracea and Melilotus indica were not significantly affected by soil solarization. In the second method, the germination was assessed for the seeds of four weedy species buried at three depths for different durations of solarization.The results confirmed the great sensitivity of L. mucronata and C. bursa-pastoris seeds to solarization, as all had not germinated after 15 days of solarization, even at the 15 cm depth. The seeds of E. colona, however, were less sensitive after 15 days of solarization, especially at 7.5 cm and 15 cm, respectively. The seed germination method confirmed the resistance of the P. oleracea seeds to solarization. The results emphasized the importance of the germination test to provide accurate predictions about the spatial and temporal changes of the soil seed bank in solarized farms. This would help to determine the optimal duration of solarization in each farm, depending on the kind of weeds infesting the farm.

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“…2000; Benlioglu et al . 2005), Greece (Vizantinopoulos & Katranis 1993), and Israel (Horowitz et al . 1983), but less susceptible in Argentina (Bustamante et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

El‐Keblawy

Al-Hamadi

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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“…appear to be resistant to solarization (Elmore, 1991). Even though it is believed that solarization appears to be effective in reducing weed population (Egley, 1983;Al-Masoon et al, 1993;Vizantinopoulos & Katranis, 1993), soil tarping was ineffective for controlling Indigofera sp. (Marenco & Lustosa, 1997), and emergence of Cyperus rotundus L. from tubers was increased by polyethylene mulching (Kumar et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil solarization for weed control in carrot

Marenco

Lustosa

2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Soil solarization is a technique used for weed and plant disease control in regions with high levels of solar radiation. The effect of solarization (0, 3, 6, and 9 weeks) upon weed populations, carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Brasília) yield and nematode infestation in carrot roots was studied in São Luís (2 o 35' S; 44 o 10' W), MA, Brazil, using transparent polyethylene films (100 and 150 µm of thickness). The maximum temperature at 5 cm of depth was about 10 o C warmer in solarized soil than in control plots. In the study 20 weed types were recorded. Solarization reduced weed biomass and density in about 50% of weed species, including Cyperus spp., Chamaecrista nictans var. paraguariensis (Chod & Hassl.) Irwin & Barneby, Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) O. Kuntze, Mitracarpus sp., Mollugo verticillata L., Sebastiania corniculata M. Arg., and Spigelia anthelmia L. Approximately 40% of species in the weed flora were not affected by soil mulching. Furthermore, seed germination of Commelina benghalensis L. was increased by soil solarization. Marketable yield of carrots was greater in solarized soil than in the unsolarized one. It was concluded that solarization for nine weeks increases carrot yield and is effective for controlling more than half of the weed species recorded. Mulching was not effective for controlling root-knot nematodes in carrot.Index terms: Commelina benghalensis, Cyperus, organic farming, soil heating, mulching, plastic film covers, soil desinfection, nematode controls, sandy soil. SOLARIZAÇÃO DO SOLO PARA O CONTROLE DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NA CULTURA DE CENOURARESUMO -A solarização é uma técnica usada para o controle de plantas daninhas e doenças de plantas em regiões de alta radiação solar. Estudou-se o efeito da solarização (por 0, 3, 6 e 9 semanas) sobre a população de plantas daninhas, a produção de cenoura (Daucus carota L. cv. Brasília) e a infestação das raízes por nematóides. O experimento foi realizado em São Luís, MA, utilizando filmes de plástico com espessuras de 100 e 150 µm. A temperatura máxima a 5 cm de profundidade foi cerca de 10 o C maior nas parcelas solarizadas do que nas testemunhas. Havia 20 tipos de ervas daninhas no experimento. A solarização reduziu a biomassa e densidade das plantas daninhas em 50% das espécies, incluindo Cyperus spp., Chamaecrista nictans var. paraguariensis (Chod & Hassl.) Irwin & Barneby, Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) O. Kuntze, Mitracarpus sp., Mollugo verticillata L., Sebastiania corniculata M. Arg. e Spigelia anthelmia L. No entanto, foi ineficaz para o controle de 40% das espé-cies vegetais presentes no campo. Além disso, a solarização estimulou a germinação das sementes de Commelina benghalensis L. O rendimento comercial da cenoura foi maior nas parcelas solarizadas do que naquelas não cobertas. Conclui-se que a solarização por nove semanas aumenta o rendimento da cenoura e foi eficiente para o controle de mais da metade das espécies de plantas daninhas no campo. Porém, a cobertura de plástico foi ineficiente para o controle de nematóide...

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“…The finding that nonflamed subplots were not weedier than flamed subplots suggests that two weeks of solarization alone can create an excellent stale seedbed in our region, the Northeast USA. The maximum temperatures and accumulated time under high temperature conditions measured at 5 cm depth during these experiments ( Table 2) are less than published thresholds required for weed seed mortality in some species [40,41]. However, higher maximum temperatures were likely reached nearer the soil surface [42,43]; data from our own methods development indicates that maximum temperatures may have been ≥5 • C greater at 1 cm as compared with 5 cm soil depth (Birthisel SK, unpublished data).…”

Section: Solarization For An Improved Stale Seedbedmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Blake and Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. [41], are among the most problematic for regional organic farmers [6].…”

Section: Solarization For An Improved Stale Seedbedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trials Evaluating Solarization and Tarping for Improved Stale Seedbed Preparation in the Northeast USA

Birthisel

Gallandt

2019

Organic Farming

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Stale seedbeds are commonly used by organic vegetable farmers to reduce in-season weed density. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of soil solarization (clear plastic) with subsequent flaming for stale seedbed preparation. A secondary objective was to compare the efficacy of solarization with tarping (black plastic). Solarization is an established weed management practice in warmer climates, but its efficacy in the humid continental Northeast USA was unknown. We hypothesized that solarization during May-June in Maine, USA would increase weed emergence, and could thereby contribute to depletion of the germinable weed seedbank and, with subsequent flaming, creation of an improved stale seedbed. We expected that firming soil with a roller prior to solarization would further increase weed emergence. Across four site-years of replicated field experiments and two on-farm trials we found that, contrary to expectations, 2 weeks of solarization reduced apparent weed emergence (density) in comparison to nonsolarized controls by 83% during treatment, and 78% after 2 weeks of observation following plastic removal and flaming. Rolling did not significantly affect weed density. Soil temperatures were elevated in solarized plots, reaching a maximum of 47 • C at 5 cm soil depth, compared to 38 • C in controls. Weed community analyses suggested that solarization might act as an ecological filter limiting some species. Addressing our secondary objective, two replicated field experiments compared the efficacy of solarization with tarping applied for periods of 2, 4, and 6 weeks beginning in July. Across treatment durations, solarization was more effective than tarping in one site-year, but tarping outperformed solarization in the other; this discrepancy may be explained by differences in weed species and soil temperatures between experiments. Overall, solarization and tarping are promising stale seedbed preparation methods for humid continental climates, but more work is needed to compare their relative efficacy.

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Soil solarization in Greece

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

Assessment of the differential response of weeds to soil solarization by two methods

Soil solarization for weed control in carrot

Trials Evaluating Solarization and Tarping for Improved Stale Seedbed Preparation in the Northeast USA

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