Soil suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum in ten European long-term field experiments and its relation with soil parameters

Bongiorno, Giulia; Postma, J.; Bünemann, Else K.; Brussaard, L.; Goede, R.G.M. de; Mäder, Paul; Tamm, Lucius; Thuerig, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.012

Cited by 65 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The following soil properties were measured for this study: total organic carbon (TOC: %), pH (CaCl 2 ), total nitrogen (TN: %), cation exchange capacity (CEC: mmol 100 g soil), plant available phosphorus (P: mg/kg soil), plant available potassium (K: mg/kg soil), exchangeable magnesium, calcium, and sodium (Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Na + ; mg/kg soil), water‐stable aggregates (WSA: mg/kg soil), water holding capacity (WHC: %), bulk density (BD: g/cm 3 ), percentages of silt, clay, and sand, microbial biomass carbon (MBC: mg/kg soil), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN: mg/kg soil), soil respiration (SR: μg CO 2 ‐C hr −1 g −1 soil), number and biomass of earthworms (number and g/m 2 ), decomposition through tea bag index (% mass loss) and soil suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum (%; Bongiorno, Postma, et al, ). Microbial quotient (qMic) and metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) were calculated as the microbial biomass carbon divided by the total organic carbon, and the soil respiration divided by the microbial biomass carbon, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced tillage, but not organic matter input, increased nematode diversity and food web stability in European long‐term field experiments

et al. 2019

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Soil nematode communities and food web indices can inform about the complexity, nutrient flows and decomposition pathways of soil food webs, reflecting soil quality. Relative abundance of nematode feeding and life‐history groups are used for calculating food web indices, i.e., maturity index (MI), enrichment index (EI), structure index (SI) and channel index (CI). Molecular methods to study nematode communities potentially offer advantages compared to traditional methods in terms of resolution, throughput, cost and time. In spite of such advantages, molecular data have not often been adopted so far to assess the effects of soil management on nematode communities and to calculate these food web indices. Here, we used high‐throughput amplicon sequencing to investigate the effects of tillage (conventional vs. reduced) and organic matter addition (low vs. high) on nematode communities and food web indices in 10 European long‐term field experiments and we assessed the relationship between nematode communities and soil parameters. We found that nematode communities were more strongly affected by tillage than by organic matter addition. Compared to conventional tillage, reduced tillage increased nematode diversity (23% higher Shannon diversity index), nematode community stability (12% higher MI), structure (24% higher SI), and the fungal decomposition channel (59% higher CI), and also the number of herbivorous nematodes (70% higher). Total and labile organic carbon, available K and microbial parameters explained nematode community structure. Our findings show that nematode communities are sensitive indicators of soil quality and that molecular profiling of nematode communities has the potential to reveal the effects of soil management on soil quality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced tillage, but not organic matter input, increased nematode diversity and food web stability in European long‐term field experiments

et al. 2019

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“…Using organic fertilizers in known to be beneficial for both plants and microorganisms. The use of both organic fertilizers and biopreparations can have positive effects on the soil and the plants (Escobar and Solarte 2015), however on the basis of long term experiments the effect of organic matter addition on soil suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum was not significant (Bongiornoa et al 2019).…”

Section: Plant Extracts and Other Type Of Bioproductsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nevertheless, tillage might be mandatory in some specific circumstances, e.g., replanting, but the loss of soil microbial diversity caused by tillage might be counterproductive when applying microbial based biopreparations. Moreover, tillage in some cases have a positive effect on soil suppressiveness to phytopathogens (Bongiornoa et al 2019). Organic fertilizers are known to increase organic matter content in soil which lead to increased amount of fungi and bacteria in soil.…”

Section: Plant Extracts and Other Type Of Bioproductsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review report on the role of bioproducts, biopreparations, biostimulants and microbial inoculants in organic production of fruit

Pylak

Oszust

Frąc

2019

Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol

104

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The demand for ecologically cultivated fruits is growing each year, but the yields in organic farming are still lower than the yields in conventional farming. Moreover plant pathogens are a serious threat in organic fruit production and the assortment of conventional pesticides is limited in organic farming. The European Commission has established regulations that state which types of bioproducts can be used in organic farming. Appropriately chosen biopreparations might be a solution to this problem. Biopreparations are products used to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi or bacteria, stimulate plants growth and enhance plant nutrient uptake. They can be composed of plant growth promoting bacteria and fungi, plant extracts or animals-derived compounds. The second category of bioproducts useful for enhancing yield and nutrient uptake are biostimulants. They can be composed of microorganisms, protein hydrolysates, seaweed extracts and other substances. Bacteria, fungi and yeasts are used in biocontrol of plant pathogens and in enhancing plants growth by producing hormone-like substances and reducing symptoms of environmental stress caused by weather or soil factors such as drought or low nutrient availability.

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“…Er zijn ziektewerende gronden tegen Pythium bekend (Whipps & Lunsdem, 1991;Martin & Loper, 1999), maar niet uit W-Europa. Uit een recente studie blijkt dat het lastig is om verschillen in mate van ziektewerendheid tussen verschillende gronden in Europa te verklaren; de hoeveelheid labiele organische stof, die makkelijk opneembaar is door het bodemleven, lijkt een rol te spelen, maar is zeker niet de enige factor (Bongiorno et al, 2019).…”

Section: 34unclassified

Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen : Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten

Rozen¹,

Huiting²,

Allema³

et al. 2020

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Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten Dit onderzoek is gefinancierd door TKI AgriFood en Brancheorganisatie Akkerbouw, en is uitgevoerd binnen de PPS Beter Bodembeheer (AF-16064). WR is een onderdeel van Rapport WPR-955 A.J. Termorshuizen, L.P.G. Molendijk, J. Postma, 2019. Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen; Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten. Wageningen Research, Rapport WPR-955. 104 blz.; 1 fig.; 6 tab.; 304 ref. Dit rapport is gratis te downloaden op https://doi.org/10.18174/513197Dit rapport geeft een overzicht van bodemmaatregelen die ingezet kunnen worden om bodempathogenen in de Nederlandse akkerbouw te beheersen. De nadruk ligt op de gewassen aardappelen, cichorei, granen, kool-en raapzaad, peen, peulvruchten, suikerbiet en ui. Relevante kennis in de wetenschappelijke literatuur en rapporten en kennis aanwezig bij experts vanuit lopend onderzoek is voor de meest voorkomende problematische bodempathogenen, zowel aaltjes als schimmels, in kaart gebracht.

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Soil suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum in ten European long-term field experiments and its relation with soil parameters

Cited by 65 publications

References 75 publications

Reduced tillage, but not organic matter input, increased nematode diversity and food web stability in European long‐term field experiments

Reduced tillage, but not organic matter input, increased nematode diversity and food web stability in European long‐term field experiments

Review report on the role of bioproducts, biopreparations, biostimulants and microbial inoculants in organic production of fruit

Beheersing van bodempathogenen via bodemgezondheidsmaatregelen : Een overzicht van de beschikbare kennis voor een selectie van akkerbouwgewassen met hun bijbehorende bodemziekten

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