Soil Technology and Engineering Properties of Soils

Winterkorn, Hans F.; Fang, Hsai-Yang

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5271-7_3

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Similarly, from , we obtain the estimate K ≈ 4.07 × 10 −15 m 2 . The estimates for permeability of sandstone available in the literature vary a great deal and range from 1.0 × 10 −15 to 1.5 × 10 −10 m 2 (e.g., Farmer 1968; Serafim 1968; Winterkorn and Fang 1975; Jaeger and Cook 1976; Lama and Vutukuri 1978; Costa and Baker 1981). Recently, Lock et al (2003) investigated the use of the image analysis of the pore structure for the estimation of the permeability of sandstone.…”

Section: Computational Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Cavity Flow Permeability Testing of a Sandstone

Selvadurai

2007

Groundwater

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This paper describes a laboratory experiment designed to measure the bulk permeability of a cuboidal sample of sandstone measuring approximately 450 mm(2) in plan area and 508 mm in height. The relatively large dimensions of the sandstone specimen allow the determination of the permeability of the material by creating a central cavity that can be pressurized to maintain a constant flow rate. The paper describes the experimental details and the test procedure, and discusses the computational and analytic approaches that have been used to interpret the test results.

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Section: Computational Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Cavity Flow Permeability Testing of a Sandstone

Selvadurai

2007

Groundwater

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“…The degree of expansivity of these soils has been assessed based on their liquid limit, 6 plasticity index, activity, 14 percentage swell in the oedometer test 10 and MFSI according to Table 4. Winterkorn and Fang 21 and Chen 6 suggest that the most useful and reliable assessment of swelling capabilities for expansive soils can be obtained from conventional oedometer tests. According to USBR, 10 the criterion for expansiveness of a soil is the total volume change of a soil from air dry to a saturated condition under a surcharge of 7 kPa, in an oedometer.…”

Section: Analysisðphasementioning

confidence: 99%

Classification procedures for expansive soils

Sridharan

Prakash²

2000

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

138

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Most of the national codes of practice do not give characterization and classi®cation of expansive soils, in spite of expansive soils being distributed very widely over almost all geographical locations in the world, causing distress to the structures founded on them and discomfort to the users. A simple user-friendly approach based on the free swell ratio, de®ned as the ratio of the sediment volume of soil in distilled water to that in carbon tetrachloride or kerosene, is formulated considering the compatibility of the results with oedometer free swell tests and the soil clay mineralogy. Statistical illustrations are provided which clearly indicate that while the assessment of soil expansivity based on index properties is an overestimation, there is a consistency in the classi®cations based on oedometer test results and the proposed approach. It is recommended that simple approaches such as the one proposed here to classify the expansive nature of soils are entered into standard codes of practice.

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“…For example, use of correlations based on natural soils that relate liquid limit (Terzaghi and Peck, 1967) or plasticity index (Wroth and Wood, 1978) to the compression index would predict values about an order of magnitude larger than measured. The measured swelling index is generally less than the compression index by a factor of ten, which is typical for a variety of soils (Winterkorn and Fang, 1975). The influence of biofilm appears modest but consistent for both soils tested.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering behavior of biofilm amended earthen barriers used in waste containment

Daniels¹,

Cherukuri²,

Hilger³

et al. 2005

Management of Env Quality

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of a mixture of nutrient solution, bacteria and biofilm on the consolidation, unconfined compression and desiccation characteristics of two soils that could be used in waste containment applications.Design/methodology/approachExperimental work was conducted to investigate the influence of biofilm on the desiccation, strength and consolidation characteristics of two barrier soils. The soils were evaluated with water alone and with a biofilm solution composed of nutrients, bacteria and exopolymeric substances (EPS). These solutions were mixed with a locally available clay (“red bull tallow” (RBT)) as well as a mix of 65 percent sand and 35 percent bentonite (65‐35 Mix).FindingsReductions in strength and increases in ductility are observed with biofilm amendment for two soil types. The shear strength was reduced from 413 to 313 kPa and from 198 to 179 kPa for RBT and 65‐35 Mix, respectively. Desiccation tests reveal an increase in moisture retention for early time increments in amended specimens, while both increases and decreases are noted after extended drying. Increases in the rate of consolidation and modest decreases in the compression and swell index were observed. In particular, the consolidation coefficient was increased from 0.036 to 0.064 cm2/min and from 0.060 to 0.093 cm2/min for RBT and 65‐35 Mix, respectively.Practical implicationsThese results are useful in establishing the broader impacts of using biofilm as an additive to increase the performance (e.g. reduce hydraulic conductivity and increase resistance to crack formation) of barrier materials in waste containment applications. Moreover, the data provide insight into the geotechnical implications of biofilm‐producing methanotrophic activity that occurs naturally in the covers of municipal solid waste landfills.Originality/valueVery little research has been published on the influence of biofilm on the behavior of barrier materials in general, and on geotechnical properties in particular. This paper is unique in making the connection between methanotrophic activity, soil modification and barrier material performance.

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Soil Technology and Engineering Properties of Soils

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

On Cavity Flow Permeability Testing of a Sandstone

On Cavity Flow Permeability Testing of a Sandstone

Classification procedures for expansive soils

Engineering behavior of biofilm amended earthen barriers used in waste containment

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