Soil Temperature and the Early Growth of Corn from Mulched and Unmulched Soil

Wijk, W. R. van; Larson, W. E.; Burrows, W. C.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1959.03615995002300060020x

Cited by 91 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Also, the tillage system employed can affect soil-borne pathogens (Leach et al 1993). Crops in western Canada are now routinely seeded directly into stubble, where soils are cooler and wetter than under traditional tillage regimes (Van Wijh et al 1959;Chaudhary and Prihar 1974;Hwang et al 2014), which can be conducive for root diseases. For example, the frequency of tillage in the 3 yr prior to the sowing of a canola crop was negatively correlated with the size of the F. avenaceum populations in the soil (Fernandez 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola

et al. 2015

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Hwang, S. F., Ahmed, H. U., Turnbull, G. D., Gossen, B. D. and Strelkov, S. E. 2015. Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 293–301. Seedling blight has a substantial impact on stand establishment and productivity of canola (Brassica napus) on the Canadian prairies. The effects of seeding date, seed size, seeding depth, and seed treatment fungicides on seedling blight of canola caused by Fusarium avenaceum and Pythium ultimum were evaluated under field conditions. In the trials inoculated with P. ultimum, early seeding reduced seedling emergence and seed yield in all 3 yr of the study. However, the interaction of F. avenaceum with seeding date was not consistent; inoculation with F. avenaceum reduced seedling emergence in early seeded canola in 1 of 4 yr, but emergence was higher in early than in mid-seeded treatments in 2 yr and there was no difference among seeding dates in 1 yr. Late seeding reduced seed yield in 2 of 4 yr in the F. avenaceum study. Seed size and seeding depth generally did not have an effect on seedling establishment or seed yield for either pathogen. Seed treatment with Helix Xtra (thiamethoxam+difenconazole+metalaxyl+fludioxonil) and Prosper FX (clothianidin+carboxin+trifloxystrobin+metalaxyl) fungicides increased seedling emergence and yield compared with the F. avenaceum-inoculated control. Seed treatment with Helix Xtra also increased seedling emergence and seed yield compared with the P. ultimum-inoculated control. Manipulation of seeding date did not substantially improve stand establishment or yield of canola when inoculum pressure was high. Seed treatment was the most effective strategy for reducing losses caused by seedling blight of canola in fields infested with F. avenaceum or P. ultimum.

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Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola

et al. 2015

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“…Elsewhere mulches often kept the soil cooler and wetter than in the unmulched soil, and the yield of maize was often increased or decreased depending on soil temperatures. Where temperatures of bare soil were below about 24°C to 28"C, and the soil often excessively wet, mulches decreased growth and yield of maize; where the soil temperatures exceeded 34°C mulches often increased yields (van Wijk et al, 1959;Larson et al, 1960;Allmaras et a/. , 1964;Lal, 1974).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mechanized relay‐cropping in an irrigated red‐brown earth in south‐eastern Australia

Tisdall¹,

Adem²

1990

Soil Use and Management

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Abstract. Machinery was designed specifically for relay‐cropping on permanent raised beds (150 mm high and 1.5 m wide) in northern Victoria. This machinery enabled maize (Zea mays) to be successfully sown at 2, 4 and 5 weeks before harvest, and 1 day after harvest (Control), of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The sowing equipment consisted of a four‐row cultivator, behind which were four precision seeders. The wheels (250 mm in diameter) were spaced at 1.5 m to track along the base of the furrows. In one pass on each bed, the sowing equipment tilled two strips (each 50 mm wide, 30 mm deep and 50 mm from the outer row of wheat) and sowed maize, with little damage to the wheat crop. We extended the axle of the trailed harvester so that the wheels (250 mm in diameter) were 3 m apart, and moved the drawbar 300 mm to one side so that all wheels ran along the base of the furrows. There were no significant differences between treatments in yield (mean 2.9 t ha‐1) of dryland wheat, in final emergence percentage (mean 89%) or in early growth of irrigated maize. The maize yielded significantly less grain in the treatment sown at 5 weeks (9.6 t ha‐1), but not 2 or 4 weeks (mean 10.6 t ha‐1) before the wheat was harvested, than in the Control (10.8 t ha‐1). The wheat and maize yielded more grain than those grown traditionally as sole crops in northern Victoria.

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“…7). It is inferred that the increase in the crop yield is possibly due to modification of hydrothermal regime of soil, soil properties and reduced weeds competition with crops by mulch, which might have favoured the increase in crop yields [11,8,10,3,4,5].…”

Section: Effect Of Mulch On Crop Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of perennial mulches on moisture conservation and soil-building properties through agroforestry

1992

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The effect of perennial mulches on moisture status, soil characteristics and on crop yields (maize-wheat rotation) was evaluated from 1986 through 1989 in a silty loam acidic soil (pH 5.6, PWP 11.4 & FC 25.6%) at the Research Farm of the Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, Dahra Dun. Mulch materials, comprised of leaves of Leucaena leucocephala, Eucalyptus hybrid, Shorea robusta, Broussonatia paprifera or Pueraria hirsuta (chopped) @ 4 t/ha were applied just after sowing of wheat and the residual effect of applied mulch was seen in kharif maize each year.The distribution of profile moisture revealed that at the time of sowing of wheat the soil water content did not differ with depth (0--90 cm). With the advancement of time, the magnitude of moisture distribution changed. At various crop growth stages the highest amount of water was found in the plots mulched with S. robusta followed by E. hybrid. All the mulch materials, except B. paprifera, lowered the soil pH, the maximum effect was noted with E. hybrid (pH reduced from 5.6 to 5.0). After three years, N and K content of soil were found to be greatest with the application of L. leucocephala whereas the highest P content was observed in B. paprifera mulched plots.The highest wheat grain yield (2.46 t/ha) was recorded with L. leucocephala and minimum under control (2.11 t/ha) which represents a gain of 11.7 per cent. Maximum maize grain yield (0.73 t/ha) was found in S. robusta mulched plots followed by L. leucocephala (0.63 t/ha) and the minimum in the control (0.51 t/ha).

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Soil Temperature and the Early Growth of Corn from Mulched and Unmulched Soil

Cited by 91 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola

Effect of seeding date and depth, seed size and fungicide treatment on Fusarium and Pythium seedling blight of canola

Mechanized relay‐cropping in an irrigated red‐brown earth in south‐eastern Australia

Effect of perennial mulches on moisture conservation and soil-building properties through agroforestry

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