Soil test phosphorus changes and phosphorus runoff losses in incubated soils treated with livestock manures and synthetic fertilizer

Kumaragamage, Darshani; FlatenD.,; AkinremiO., O.; SawkaC.,; Zvomuya, Francis

doi:10.4141/cjss10004

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Digestate had the lowest soil-test P risk, while cattle manure and pellets were similar, but separated solids had a 29% greater risk of soil-test P accumulation per unit of N applied than cattle manure, indicating that this amendment requires careful management to minimize soil-test P accumulation when applied at N-based rates. This is important because soil-test P is an indicator for loss via runoff and leaching pathways (Pote et al, 1996;Sims et al, 2000;Olson et al, 2010;Kumaragamage et al, 2011;Ziadi et al, 2013;Li et al, 2016). It also provides evidence that P-based rates may be more suitable for the higher risk amendments such as cattle manure and separated solids.…”

Section: Residual Nitrate-nitrogen and Soiltest Phosphorus Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As organic amendments are applied based on their N content in Alberta (Smith et al, 2014), an understanding of soil-test P accumulation as a function of the N applied is also important to identify the risk of P accumulation so that P flows via surface and subsurface pathways are minimized (Pote et al, 1996;Sims et al, 2000;Olson et al, 2010;Kumaragamage et al, 2011). This is particularly important for amendments that have lower N/P ratios than the demand of crops that they fertilize.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure Supplied More Nitrogen with Less Phosphorus Accumulation than Undigested Manure

Thomas

Nelson

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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Solid beef cattle manure is a good anaerobic digestion feedstock for methane production, but more research is needed to determine how co-products of the anaerobically digested manure may be used in crop production, while limiting the risk of nutrient loss to the environment. Over four growing seasons, we measured the N and P supplied to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage test crops from (i) anaerobically digested solid beef cattle manure (digestate), (ii) separated solids from the digestate (separated solids), (iii) pelletized separated solids (pellets), and (iv) undigested solid beef cattle manure (manure) that were applied to target 1× (260 kg N ha -1 ) and 2× (520 kg N ha -1 ) the recommended N rates. Non-amended soil was the control. Digestate led to 31 to 50% greater barley forage yield than the other amendments. Th e apparent N recovery from digestate (19%) was much greater than pellets (2%) and about double that of the separated solids (9%) and cattle manure (10%). Th e barley N uptake derived from digestate was 41%, which was signifi cantly greater than manure (22%), separated solids (17%), and pellets (2%). Digestate increased P uptake, while signifi cantly reducing soil-test P accumulation compared with the other coproducts and cattle manure when applied at N-based rates. Our results confi rmed that management practices for solid beef cattle feedlot manure may be used for separated solids, but not digestate. Pelletized separated solids may be an eff ective slow release fertilizer, while also supplying C, but determination of its nutrient release patterns is required.

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Section: Residual Nitrate-nitrogen and Soiltest Phosphorus Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure Supplied More Nitrogen with Less Phosphorus Accumulation than Undigested Manure

Thomas

Nelson

et al. 2017

Agronomy Journal

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“…The lower Olsen-P in ADM-than CM-and SS-amended soils and similar Olsen-P between CM-and SS-amended soils largely reflected the amount of P applied during the experimental period due to the greater N/P ratio in ADM (7.0) than CM (3.5) and SS (3.8). Limiting Olsen-P (soil test P) accumulation is important because this P is susceptible to hydrologic loss pathways, primarily via runoff and leaching (Pote et al, 1996;Sims et al, 2000;Olson et al, 2010a;Kumaragamage et al, 2011;Ziadi et al, 2013). Because the N/P ratio of ADM (7.0) was relatively close to that of the barley forage (8.8), the ADM-amended soil had a significantly lower risk of P accumulation than soils receiving CM or SS.…”

Section: Olsen-phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Values of Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure and the Separated Solids for Barley Forage Production

Hao

Thomas

Nelson

et al. 2016

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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As biogas production expands, digestates from that industry are increasingly available as potential nutrient sources for crop production, but their agronomic value is poorly understood. Thus, a 5-yr field experiment was conducted to determine the agronomic values of anaerobically digested solid beef cattle feedlot manure (ADM) and the separated solids (SS) from ADM under a semiarid reduced-tillage dryland barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage cropping system. Three organic amendments, ADM, SS, and undigested solid beef cattle feedlot manure (CM), were applied annually at 200 or 400 kg total N ha −1 for 4 yr, while the residual effect was examined in the fifth year. The higher N and P availability in ADM translated into greater barley forage yields, total N uptake, amendment-derived N uptake, and apparent N recovery (ANR) from ADM-amended soil than SS-and CM-amended soils, while there were no significant differences between soils receiving SS or CM. The ANR was 22% for ADM but only 12% for CM and 9% for SS. In contrast, P uptake, the fraction of amendment-derived P uptake, and apparent P recovery were similar among all amendments. Similar yields, ANR, post-harvest soil NH 4 , NO 3 , and Olsen-P concentrations between SS-and CM-amended soils suggest that they have a comparable agronomic value. Less residual Olsen-P in soil receiving ADM than SS or CM suggests that ADM is a lower risk for P accumulation when applied at N-based rates. We recommend that current agronomic values for cattle feedlot manure could be applied to SS but not ADM.

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“…Additions of manure or fertilizers to soil will increase the STP level if the additions are greater than crop removal (Zhang et al 2004;Hao et al 2008), although the relationship between P applied and STP change is likely to vary with soil and the STP method (Kumaragamage et al 2011). Richards et al (1995), however, reported that for three Ontario soils of differing textures, there was a similar impact of P additions on Olsen P levels, with 16.4 kg P ha −1 required to increase Olsen P by 1 mg P kg −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Ontario P index recommendations for reduced manure and fertilizer phosphorus applications on corn yields and soil phosphorus

Ribey

O’Halloran

2016

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Environmental indices for soil P limit P applications when soil tests and risk of P losses exceed a given threshold. Producers' reluctance to reduce P inputs often stem from concerns regarding reduced crop production and soil fertility. Our objectives were to identify changes in soil P fractions after 4 yr of repeated manure or fertilizer P applications at rates ≤ crop removal by corn (Zea mays L.), and the impact of these applications on yields. Olsen P and soil P fractions extracted using a modified Hedley P fractionation procedure were measured. Corn yields were nonresponsive to P applications. After 4 yr, Olsen P was 16.6 and 24.6 mg kg −1 at the application rates of 0 and 33 kg P ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, for the inorganic fertilizer treatment indicating that soil P drawdown was occurring. Only the most labile forms of Pi (resin and bicarbonate extractable) were affected by treatment, with greater values at higher P application rates. Adherence to Ontario's P index recommendations for P applications at or below crop removal should not be a crop production concern. Furthermore, given the rate of soil labile P drawdown, routine soil testing (every 3-5 yr) would identify agronomically significant changes in soil test P before the crop yield is impacted.Key words: P fractionation, fertilizer P, manure applications, soil test P.Résumé : Les indices environnementaux relatifs au P du sol limitent l'application d'engrais P quand l'analyse du sol et les risques de pertes du P dépassent un certain seuil. Les agriculteurs hésitent souvent à réduire leurs applications d'engrais P, car ils craignent que le rendement des cultures s'en ressente et que le sol perde sa fertilité. Les auteurs voulaient établir la variation des fractions du P dans le sol après 4 années d'applications répétées de fumier ou d'engrais P à un taux égal ou inférieur à l'absorption de cet oligoélément par le maïs (Zea mays L). Ils voulaient aussi mesurer l'impact de tels amendements sur le rendement. Pour cela, ils ont mesuré les fractions de P Olsen et de P du sol extraites avec une variante de la méthode de fractionnement du P de Hedley. Le rendement du maïs ne réagit pas aux applications de P. Après 4 ans, la fraction de P Olsen s'établissait respectivement à 16,6 et à 24,6 Mg kg −1 aux taux d'application de 0 et de 33 kg de P ha −1 annuellement, pour l'amendement inorganique, signe qu'il y a rabattement du P dans le sol. Seules les formes les plus labiles de Pi (extractibles par les résines et le bicarbonate) ont été affectées par le traitement, leur valeur augmentant avec le taux de fertilisation. Respecter les recommandations de l'indice P de l'Ontario en limitant l'application d'engrais P au taux d'absorption de la culture ou à un taux moindre ne devrait pas être préoccupant pour l'agriculture. D'autre part, compte tenu du taux de rabattement du P labile dans le sol, une analyse routinière (tous les 3 à 5 ans) permettrait d'identifier les variations de la concentration de P importantes sur le plan agronomique avant que le rendeme...

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Soil test phosphorus changes and phosphorus runoff losses in incubated soils treated with livestock manures and synthetic fertilizer

Cited by 31 publications

References 51 publications

Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure Supplied More Nitrogen with Less Phosphorus Accumulation than Undigested Manure

Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure Supplied More Nitrogen with Less Phosphorus Accumulation than Undigested Manure

Agronomic Values of Anaerobically Digested Cattle Manure and the Separated Solids for Barley Forage Production

Consequences of Ontario P index recommendations for reduced manure and fertilizer phosphorus applications on corn yields and soil phosphorus

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