2021
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04855-7
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Soil-transmitted helminth infections in free-ranging non-human primates from Cameroon and Gabon

Abstract: Background Zoonotic diseases are a serious threat to both public health and animal conservation. Most non-human primates (NHP) are facing the threat of forest loss and fragmentation and are increasingly living in closer spatial proximity to humans. Humans are infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH) at a high prevalence, and bidirectional infection with NHP has been observed. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, genetic diversity, distribution and presence of co-infectio… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…Cryptic species of Oesophagostomum have previously been proposed for nodular worm infections in humans and NHPs in Uganda (Ghai et al ., 2014 ), with high genetic variability of Oesophagostomum spp. observed in African primates (Sirima et al ., 2021 ; Mason et al ., 2022 ). However, although the ITS-2 marker, also used in this study, is ideal for distinguishing between known species for which genetic data exists in repositories, it should be noted that this marker shows high levels of intraspecific variability, which may limit its value in identifying potential cryptic species (Conole et al ., 1999 ; Poissant et al ., 2021 ; Halvarsson and Tydén, 2023 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cryptic species of Oesophagostomum have previously been proposed for nodular worm infections in humans and NHPs in Uganda (Ghai et al ., 2014 ), with high genetic variability of Oesophagostomum spp. observed in African primates (Sirima et al ., 2021 ; Mason et al ., 2022 ). However, although the ITS-2 marker, also used in this study, is ideal for distinguishing between known species for which genetic data exists in repositories, it should be noted that this marker shows high levels of intraspecific variability, which may limit its value in identifying potential cryptic species (Conole et al ., 1999 ; Poissant et al ., 2021 ; Halvarsson and Tydén, 2023 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Smyth (1995) identified two nematodes as emerging zoonoses, Angiostrongylus costaricensis and Oesophagostomum bifurcum . Since then, the zoonotic significance of both parasites has increased and molecular tools have proved invaluable in terms of diagnosis, in the case of A. costaricensis (Rojas et al , 2021) and determining prevalence and genetic diversity of Oesophagostomum (Sirima et al , 2021).…”
Section: Impact Of Molecular Toolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(E) leopold, Necator americanus, Oesophagostomum stephanostomum, Oesophagostomum spp., Paramphistomum spp., Strongyloides spp., Schistosoma mansoni, Troglodytella abrassarti, Troglodytella gorillae, Troglodytella spp., Goriliophilus thoracatus n.g, Troglodytella gabonensis n.sp., and Prototapirella gorillae n.sp. and several parasites that remain undetermined (Goussard et al, 1983;Imai et al, 1991;Bain et al, 1995;Landsoud-Soukate et al, 1995;Van Zijll Langhout et al, 2010;Hasegawa et al, 2017;Dibakou et al, 2021;Sirima et al, 2021) (Figure 1). Several of its species have been identified in gorillas living in different environments.…”
Section: Parasitesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Concerning gastrointestinal parasites and bacteria, although cases of transfer between gorillas and humans in Gabon have not been demonstrated, several studies report cases of infection of captive and wild gorillas with geohelminths [Sch. Mansoni (C ̌ervenáet al, 2016), Necator americanus (Sirima et al, 2021), Cryptosporidium spp (van Zijll Langhout et al, 2010)], and bacteria [S. aureus (Nagel et al, 2013), Chlamydia-Related Bacteria (Klöckner et al, 2016), E. coli (Mbehang Nguema et al, 2021), K. pneumoniae (Mbehang Nguema et al, 2021;Shojaei et al, 2022) known to infect humans. However, for some bacteria like S. aureus, the origin of transfer has not been identified, i.e.…”
Section: Are There Any Transfers and Why?mentioning
confidence: 99%