Soil transmitted Helminthiasis and associated risk factors among elementary school children in ambo town, western Ethiopia

Samuel, Fikreslasie; Demsew, Asalif; Alem, Yonas; Hailesilassie, Yonas

doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4809-3

Cited by 43 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This study revealed the increased likelihood of children with untrimmed finger nails to be infected with IPIs. This finding is supported by studies conducted on school aged children in Ambo and Butajira towns [23,24]. The explanation would be possible presence of disease causing parasites underneath the nails with dirt [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma Town in 2019: a Cross Sectional Study

Zenu

Alemayehu

Woldemichael

2019

Preprint

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Background Street child is any child whose age is less than 18 years for whom the street has become his or her habitual abode and/or source of livelihood, is inadequately protected, supervised or directed by responsible adults. In Ethiopia the health problems of street children are given poor attention in research. This problem is pronounced when it comes to intestinal parasitic infections, making it difficult to design appropriate interventions targeting this segment of population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma town in the year 2019. Methods: Community based cross sectional study was employed. Complete enumeration was used to include 312 street children. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered to Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20. Stool samples were examined by wet mount and formalin ether concentration techniques. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection. Significance of association was decided by using the 95% confidence interval of AOR and P-value of ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable model. Result: A total of 312 children of the street were involved in the study making the response rate 96.2%. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 66.7%. Untrimmed finger nails AOR=2.03;95%CI (1.02-4.06), eating street food AOR=2.24;95% CI (1.04-5.02), practice of swimming in unprotected water bodies AOR=2.5; 95% CI (1.24-5.04), not wearing shoes at the time of data collection AOR= 3.8;95% CI (1.8-8.2) and lacking knowledge of way of transmission of intestinal parasites AOR= 2.5; 95% CI (1.25- 5.0) were significantly associated with parasitic infections. Conclusions: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among street children in the study area was high and require integrated interventions to avert the problem. Several factors were also found to be associated with intestinal parasitic infections. Measures has to be taken to curb the problem by including them in mass drug administration and targeted health education towards identified factors. Key words : Street children, Intestinal parasites, Jimma town

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma Town in 2019: a Cross Sectional Study

Zenu

Alemayehu

Woldemichael

2019

Preprint

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“…in Hintallo-Wejerat (Ethiopia) and 36.5% Kathmandu valley (Nepal) reports were found to be almost in agreement with the current study (Table 4). However, the current study result has been found much higher (4.5 22.8%) than a report from Gondar [5] and Ambo [12] towns in Ethiopia and elsewhere in the world including Taiwan [23], Kenya [17], China [24] and Marshall Islands [25] (Table 4). Still, the present study prevalence was identified lower than study result from Tilili town (44.2%), Wolaita zone (72.2%), Azezo town (72.9%) and Chencha town (81.0%) in Ethiopia (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

“…Poverty, inadequate water supply, sanitation and poor personal hygiene (especially shoe wearing and hand washing) were also previously reported important epidemiological factor for STHs [1,4]. Although several studies have been conducted on the distribution and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in Ethiopia [5,[8][9][10][11][12][13], there are still several localities for which epidemiological information is not yet available [14]. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of GIH infection among primary school children of Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia, where data is limited about helminthes infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated risk factors of gastrointestinal helminth infection among primary schoolchildren in Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia

Guadie

Waji

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Gastrointestinal helminths (GIH) are widespread in developing countries including Ethiopia. The prevalence and distribution of GIH infection in Ethiopia varies from place to place due to different exposing risk factors. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and associated factors of GIH infection among primary school children in Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia, where data for helminths infections are previously unpublished. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 291 school children in Dembi district were included. Fresh stool samples were collected from each student and examined by direct wet mount using both normal saline and Lugol's iodine preparation and concentration techniques using salt and formol-ether solutions. Questioners and observation were also used to identify socio-demographic and associated risk factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. p-value <0.05 were considered significant.Results: Six parasite species of gastrointestinal helminth with an overall prevalence of 30.9% were identified. The predominant parasites were found soil transmitted helminth (STH) type including Ascaris lumbricoides (43.3%), hookworm (26.7%), Ttrichuris trichiura (8.9%) and Strongliodes stercoralis (3.3%). Teania species (6.7%) and Hymanolepis nana (3.3%) were also the gastrointestinal parasites detected from the stool samples. The highest prevalence of GIH infection has been observed in the age of 5 8 years children (36.7%) followed by 9 12 (33.3%) and ≥13 (30.0%) years. Sex, age, source of water supply and latrine usage has a significant association with GIH infection. Male (37.9%) students were two times more likely to have parasite infection (COR= 2.0, 95% CI= 1.17 3.22, p=0.011) than female (24%) students. Comparing age groups, 5 8 years were more likely to have higher parasite infection (COR=1.23, 95% CI=0.233 0.797, p=0.007) than older age groups ( 13 years). Those students used stream as a source of water supply and latrine sometimes were also 1.4 (p=001) and 2.7 (p=0.001) times more likely to have helminthic infection than students used pipe water and latrine, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that GIH infection are important public health problem among primary school children in Dembi district which needs an integrated health control program including periodic de-worming, improving sanitation and safe water provision.

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“…Another study in Chencha, Southern Ethiopia also found that overcrowding to be a contributor to helminth infection in school-aged children [22]. Other studies also found that when the family number increases, the occurrence of STH also increases [23,24]. In an overcrowded place, it is hard to keep cleanliness and prevent faecal contamination and pollution of premises hence the risk is high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Intensity, and Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infection among Children in Zambia: A Cross-sectional Study

Tembo¹,

Mubita²,

Sitali³

et al. 2019

TOPHJ

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Background: Soil-transmitted helminths are among the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of poverty. They are a common type of parasitic infections in the world, caused by three main species commonly known as roundworms, whipworms, and hookworms. The diseases have major health and socio-economic repercussions and significantly contribute to public health problems in developing countries. Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence, intensity, and factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths among children in Chililabombwe district of Zambia. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, consisting of 411 guardian – child pairs aged between 17-77 years and 1-15 years, respectively. This was conducted between October and December 2017. Systematic sampling and simple random sampling were used to select the household and 411 participants, respectively. The study used a structured pre-tested questionnaire and stool tests to obtain information on socio-demographic, environmental, behavioral, and service-related factors associated with helminth infection. Stool samples were collected and examined for the presence of parasites using formol-ether concentration and Kato-Katz techniques. Geometric mean was used to report the intensity of infection. An investigator-led stepwise regression was used to identify factors associated with developing Soil-Transmitted Helminth infection and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection was 59/411 (14.4%) and the most dominant parasite was roundworms 58/411 (14.1%). The overall intensity of infection was light (<5000epg) with a few heavy infections (>50000epg). Factors independently associated with soil-transmitted helminth infection after adjusting for other variables were residence (AOR=0.26; 95% CI [0.09-0.73]), household income (AOR=2.49; 95% CI [1.01-6.12]), and overcrowding (AOR =1.33; 95% CI [1.09-1.62]). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that STH infections are still prevalent. Low household income, residence, and overcrowding are the factors associated with infection. This indicates that reinfection is common even after deworming.

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Soil transmitted Helminthiasis and associated risk factors among elementary school children in ambo town, western Ethiopia

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma Town in 2019: a Cross Sectional Study

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among street children in Jimma Town in 2019: a Cross Sectional Study

Prevalence and associated risk factors of gastrointestinal helminth infection among primary schoolchildren in Dembi district, southwest Ethiopia

Prevalence, Intensity, and Factors Associated with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infection among Children in Zambia: A Cross-sectional Study

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