Soil type and integrated nitrogen nutrient-rice straw residue management techniques affect soil microbes, enzyme activities and yield of wheat crop

Singh, Veer; Gupta, Rajeev Kumar; Kalia, Anu; Al‐Ansari, Nadhir; Alataway, Abed; Dewidar, Ahmed Z.; Mattar, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16645

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This phenomenon cannot be attributed to the growth process of maize or changes in the environment because the AS in the control treatment did not show a similar decrease (Figure 3). We speculate that adding straw may also have a positive stimulatory effect on soil microbial residues [40,41]; however, this aspect has not received sufficient attention in previous studies. Cui et al [42] found that the accumulation of microbial residues can lead to a peak in the microbial community that degrades them, which is consistent with the findings of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Soil Microbial Residual Carbon Accumulation Affected by Reclamation Period and Straw Incorporation in Reclaimed Soil from Coal Mining Area

Bo,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Microbial residual carbon is an important component in soil carbon pool stability. Here, we tested soils collected from the early (first year, R1), middle (10 years, R10), and long-term (30 years, R30) stages of reclamation in a coal mining area in China. Two treatments with straw materials, namely maize straw + soil (S+M) and wheat straw + soil (S+W), were used for a decomposition experiment. The glucosamine and muramic acid contents were assessed. Accumulation of microbial residual C and its contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC) were analyzed at various intervals. Straw incorporation resulted in higher amino sugar accumulation than that of the control. The amino sugar content was considerably higher in R30 than that in R10 and R1; S+M and S+W showed average increases of 15 and 4%, respectively, compared to the control after 500 days. The total microbial and fungal residual C contents under S+M and S+W treatments were substantially higher than those of the control on days 33, 55, and 218 in R30. The contributions of soil microbial residues to SOC at R1, R10, and R30 were 73.77, 71.32, and 69.64%, respectively; fungal residues contributed significantly more than bacterial residues. The total amino sugars and microbial residual C content increased with increasing reclamation period. The addition of maize straw promoted the accumulation of microbial residual C, especially in the early stages of reclamation. Therefore, the addition of maize straw improved the stability of microbial carbon sources in coal mine reclamation soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Soil Microbial Residual Carbon Accumulation Affected by Reclamation Period and Straw Incorporation in Reclaimed Soil from Coal Mining Area

Bo,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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“…This study showed clear response of enzyme activities by co-application of Azolla, rice straw, and synthetic fertilizers on URE activity over sole Effects of co-application of Azolla, rice straw, and NPKS fertilizer combination on soil urease, acid, and alkaline phosphatases; small bars are standard errors at p< 0.05. synthetic fertilizers (Figure 4). The higher urease activity in treatment involve Azolla combined with 50% reduced N, along with 30 kg P ha −1 , 30 kg K ha −1 , and 20 kg S ha −1 , and co-treatment of Azolla, rice straw + 100 kg N ha −1 , 30 kg P ha −1 , 30 kg K ha −1 , and 20 kg S ha −1 could be attributed to improvement of soil organic carbon content that directly enhances microbial community (Luo et al, 2016;Sharma et al, 2021;Singh et al, 2023). Generally, an increase in urease activity indicates an improvement in the ability of microorganisms in the soil to convert urea into ammonium and make it available to plants.…”

Section: Enzyme Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing phosphorus use efficiency and soil quality indicators in lowland paddy ecosystem through Azolla, rice straw, and NPKS fertilizers

Marzouk,

Tindwa,

Amuri

et al. 2024

Front. Agron.

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PurposeThis study investigates the influence of incorporating Azolla, rice straw, and NPKS fertilizers on phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) and rice productivity in lowland paddy fields. Despite Azolla’s well-known role as a nitrogen-fixing aquatic fern in rice production, its specific impact on PUE remains unclear. The primary objective is to explore diverse treatment combinations to identify synergies that enhance both PUE and overall rice productivity.MethodsThe study was conducted at Mkula Irrigation Scheme in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania; the field experiment employed a randomized complete block design with 13 treatments and three replications. Treatments comprised various combinations of Azolla, rice straw, and chemical fertilizers, incorporating 50% and 100% rates of nitrogen (N) applied with phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S).ResultsThe study reveals the substantial impact of Azolla application on total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium levels in the soil. Particularly noteworthy were treatment combinations involving Azolla, rice straw, and reduced rates of synthetic nitrogen, along with specific P, K, and S applications, which exhibited the highest phosphorus uptake and PUE. Specifically, combining rice straw and Azolla with reduced N rates, alongside 30 kg P ha−1 + 30 kg K ha−1 + 20 kg S ha−1, resulted in the highest phosphorus uptake (73.57 kg/ha) and PUE (46.24%).ConclusionIntegrated nutrient management, incorporating rice straw and Azolla alongside synthetic fertilizers, demonstrates synergistic effects on phosphorus uptake and efficiency while maintaining soil quality. The study underscores the potential of such integrated strategies to optimize PUE and contribute to sustainable rice production in lowland paddy fields.

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“…The likelihood of erosion is decreased by the addition of crop residue to the soil or as surface cover in the blocks of mulch [65]. The T3 treatment (deep ploughed treatment) had the highest final infiltration rate (cm h −1 ), followed by the T2 treatment, and the T4 treatment had the lowest final infiltration rate (cm h −1 ) (Figure 2) due to the presence of a substantial number of macropores and enhanced microbial activity [66].…”

Section: Infiltration Rate and Cumulative Infiltrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Tillage and Residue Management Options on Soil Water Transmission and Mechanical Behavior

Singh,

Gupta,

Kahlon

et al. 2023

Land

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Understanding the variability in the mechanical and hydrological soil characteristics resulting from diverse tillage and residue management practices is essential for evaluating the adoption of conservation strategies to preserve soil’s physical well-being. Zero-tillage techniques combined with residue retention or incorporation have gained widespread recognition for their capacity to conserve soil and water resources, reduce energy consumption, and enhance soil quality and environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, the choice of tillage and residue management options may vary depending on the geographical locations and specific soil conditions. To assess the impacts of four distinct tillage and residue management approaches, a two-year experiment (2020–2021 and 2021–2022) was conducted: T1: conventional tillage followed by wheat sowing after the removal of rice straw (CT-RS); T2: zero tillage with wheat sowing using a Happy Seeder while retaining rice straw (ZT+RS); T3: conventional tillage followed by wheat sowing after rice straw incorporation using a reversible mouldboard plough (CT+RS); T4: minimum tillage with wheat sowing using a Super Seeder with rice straw incorporation (MT+RS); the effects were recorded on the physical soil properties. Our findings indicate that zero tillage combined with residue retention (T2) had a positive influence on various physical soil attributes. Notably, significant differences were observed among the tillage and residue management options, particularly in terms of the bulk density with T1 exhibiting the highest values and the lowest being in T2, whereas the soil penetration resistance was lowest in T3 compared to T1. In the case of T3, sandy loam and clay loam soils had the highest measured saturated hydraulic conductivity values, measuring 5.08 and 4.57 cm h−1 and 4.07 and 3.73 cm h−1, respectively. Furthermore, T2 (zero tillage with residue retention) demonstrated the highest mean weight diameter (MWD) and maximum water stable aggregate. These results collectively underscore the positive effects of adopting zero tillage and retaining residue (T2) on soil structure and quality, particularly concerning the mechanical and hydrological soil properties.

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Soil type and integrated nitrogen nutrient-rice straw residue management techniques affect soil microbes, enzyme activities and yield of wheat crop

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

Soil Microbial Residual Carbon Accumulation Affected by Reclamation Period and Straw Incorporation in Reclaimed Soil from Coal Mining Area

Soil Microbial Residual Carbon Accumulation Affected by Reclamation Period and Straw Incorporation in Reclaimed Soil from Coal Mining Area

Enhancing phosphorus use efficiency and soil quality indicators in lowland paddy ecosystem through Azolla, rice straw, and NPKS fertilizers

Effect of Different Tillage and Residue Management Options on Soil Water Transmission and Mechanical Behavior

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