Soil water management implications during the constant rate and the falling rate stages of soil evaporation

Bonsu, Mensah

doi:10.1016/s0378-3774(96)01296-6

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Water lost by evaporation at the surface far exceeds water lost by evaporation when the water table is at a deeper depth (Bonsu, 1997). Surface soil evaporation rates measured at the laboratory were similar to rates measured in the field and within the range of previously published data (White, 1932;Thomsen & Schumann, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Evaporation as a nutrient retention mechanism at Sycamore Creek, Arizona

McLaughlin

2008

Hydrobiologia

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Studies of nutrient cycling in streams have typically focused on patterns and mechanisms of retention because retention can result in temporary or permanent removal of biologically important nutrients. Biogeochemical studies of nitrate in stream ecosystems have focused primarily on biotic uptake and sequestration, while little is known about abiotic mechanisms of nitrogen retention. Evaporation is one abiotic mechanism that can contribute to nutrient retention with nutrients stored as precipitated solutes in sandbars. The objective of this study was to assess the significance of evaporation-driven nitrate retention in sandbars to reach-scale nutrient budgets at Sycamore Creek, Arizona. The vertical profile of chloride and nitrate evaporties were used as a tool to evaluate abiotic retention. I found that salts accumulated in surface layers (0-2 cm) of exposed sandbar sediments. Calculated evaporative retention rate was 0.7-5.4% of average rate of uptake by biota in the surface stream. However, the area of influence of these two mechanisms varies greatly. Taking into account this spatial and seasonal variation in areal extent of the surface stream versus exposed sandbar surfaces, evaporite formation accounted for 14.8% of retention in the study reach and up to 46.0% of annual retention compared to instream biotic uptake. Nitrate retention via evaporation is important because of the temporary disconnection of nutrients stored in sandbars to the surface stream delaying further biological processing until hydrological reconnection occurs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Evaporation of soil water is controlled by both soil properties and environmental conditions, which have been extensively studied by soil scientist and hydrologist (Hillel, 1971;Noy-Meir, 1973;Bonsu, 1997;Jalota & Prihar, 1998). In this study, I used these well-developed principles and applied them to nutrient retention in stream ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation as a nutrient retention mechanism at Sycamore Creek, Arizona

McLaughlin

2008

Hydrobiologia

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“…Bonsu (1997) performed an evaporation study on 10 saturated bare soils of different textures. These soils were subjected to a constant evaporation rate of 1.0 cm d −1 by direct sunshine during the day and by a fan during the night in the laboratory.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling and Estimation of Evaporation and Transpiration of Water across Soil Textures

Kozak¹,

Ahuja²,

Li³

et al. 2005

Vadose Zone Journal

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analysis technique, which is based on the existence of physical similarity in the system; and (ii) the empirical A recent study showed all parameters in the Brooks-Corey equamethod, called functional normalization, which is based tions of soil hydraulic properties are strongly correlated to the poreon regression analysis. The similar-media scaling of Miller size distribution index (). These values relate and can scale cumulative and Miller (1956) and the fractal-based approaches of infiltration and water contents during redistribution across dissimilar textural classes under different rainfall and initial conditions. The objec- Tyler and Wheatcraft (1990), Rieu and Sposito (1991), tives of this work were to explore if relationships exist between evaporaand Hunt and Gee (2002) are examples of the first method. tion (E ) and transpiration (T ) and across different soil types and ifMost of the scaling work cited above has extended the these relationships can be used to scale E and T among these soils. The similar-media scaling concept to field soils that are gen-Root Zone Water Quality Model generated evaporation under four poerally "nonsimilar" by invoking additional empirical astential rates and transpiration under one potential rate with a goosesumptions and using a regression method. grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] in 11 soil textural classes under Very limited research has been done on relating soil near-saturated initial conditions. Stage I cumulative evaporation or hydraulic properties across widely dissimilar soil textranspiration that occurs when the soil is sufficiently wet to meet the tural classes. Gregson et al. (1987) showed that the slope potential rates had a quadratic relationship with . However, both Stage II cumulative evaporation and transpiration were cubic functions and intercept of the commonly used Brooks and Corey of with time-dependent coefficients. It is shown that these relation-(1964) log-log relationship for soil matric potentialships can be used to estimate both Stage I and II cumulative evaporawater content function, below the air-entry value, were tion and transpiration across unknown soils, especially when data for highly correlated across 41 Australian and British soil one dominant reference soil type is known. The methods developed classes. This formed the basis for their one-parameter for estimating cumulative evaporation were applied and compared model for estimating the soil water retention curve in with experimental results of three initially saturated soils under conany soil. In a recent book chapter, Williams and Ahuja stant evaporation with good results. These results for simple homoge-(2003) showed that: (i) there was a strong relationship neous soils should be useful in quantifying spatial variability of evapobetween the intercepts and slopes of textural class mean ration and transpiration in the field under similar conditions, and could form the basis for further research of more complex conditions.

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“…At the second stage, the cumulative soil evaporation is given as (Black et al, 1969;Bonsu, 1997;Gardner, 1959) E c ¼ bt 1=2…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and numeric simulation of soil evaporation in biological soil crusts

Xiao

Zhao

Shao

2010

Journal of Arid Environments

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Soil water management implications during the constant rate and the falling rate stages of soil evaporation

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Evaporation as a nutrient retention mechanism at Sycamore Creek, Arizona

Evaporation as a nutrient retention mechanism at Sycamore Creek, Arizona

Scaling and Estimation of Evaporation and Transpiration of Water across Soil Textures

Characteristics and numeric simulation of soil evaporation in biological soil crusts

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