Soil Waterlogging and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Effects on Corn and Soybean Yields

Kaur, Gurpreet; Zurweller, Brendan A.; Nelson, Kelly A.; Motavalli, Peter P.; Dudenhoeffer, Christopher J.

doi:10.2134/agronj2016.07.0411

Cited by 85 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, N fertilizer applications can increase crop grain yields and quality under soil waterlogged conditions [17][18][19]. Plant's adaptive mechanisms to waterlogging, such as adventitious root growth and root re-growth may be enhanced and accelerated by N applications [20][21][22]. Nitrogen losses due to denitrification and leaching processes under waterlogged soil conditions can cause plant N deficiency and reduce plant N use efficiency (NUE) [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Season Soil Waterlogging and N Fertilizer Sources Impacts on Corn N Uptake and Apparent N Recovery Efficiency

2018

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Soil waterlogging resulting from extreme precipitation events creates anaerobic conditions that may inhibit plant growth and increase N losses. A three-year (2013)(2014)(2015) field experiment was conducted in poorly-drained claypan soils to assess the effects of waterlogging [0 or 7-days waterlogging at V3 growth stage of corn (Zea mays L.)] and pre-plant application of different N fertilizer sources and post-waterlogging rescue N application (0 or 84 kg N ha −1 of urea plus urease inhibitor (NCU + UI) at V7) on chlorophyll SPAD meter (CM) readings, stomatal conductance, ear leaf and silage N concentrations, N uptake and apparent N recovery efficiency (ARE) of two corn hybrids with varying amounts of flood tolerance. Pre-plant N fertilizer sources included a non-treated control (CO), urea (NCU), urea plus nitrification inhibitor (NCU + NI) and polymer coated urea (PCU) applied at 168 kg N ha −1 . In 7-days waterlogged plots, rescue N applications increased N uptake in PCU treatments 33% and 40% in 2013 and 2014, respectively, as well as in NCU by 48% in 2013. In 7-days waterlogged plots which received rescue N applications, NCU and PCU in 2013 resulted in higher N uptake than CO and NCU + NI by 47 to 77 kg ha −1 . PCU had higher N uptake than NCU and NCU + NI by 78 and 72 kg ha −1 in 7-days waterlogged plots that received rescue N applications in 2014. Corn hybrid showed no differences in N uptake and ARE in our study. Our results indicate combining pre-plant N fertilizer source selection and rescue N applications may be a strategy to reduce possible decreases in corn N uptake caused by early season soil waterlogging in average rainfall years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Season Soil Waterlogging and N Fertilizer Sources Impacts on Corn N Uptake and Apparent N Recovery Efficiency

2018

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“…If reductions in maize yield come from physiological heat stress, which occurs around 35 °C 19 , the leaf surface must be substantially warmer than the air. Temperature gradients between a canopy and surrounding air largely depend on available soil moisture, with higher canopy temperatures coinciding with drier soils [20][21][22] and limited latent cooling. Hence, when atmospheric temperature is below 35 °C, damaging canopy temperatures are likely to be reached only when soil moisture is low.…”

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confidence: 99%

Combined influence of soil moisture and atmospheric evaporative demand is important for accurately predicting US maize yields

Rigden¹,

Mueller²,

Holbrook³

et al. 2020

Nat Food

164

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Understanding the response of agriculture to heat and moisture stress is essential to adapt food systems under climate change. Although evidence of crop yield loss with extreme temperature is abundant, disentangling the roles of temperature and moisture in determining yield has proved challenging, largely due to limited soil moisture data and the tight coupling between moisture and temperature at the land surface. Here, using well-resolved observations of soil moisture from the recently launched Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite, we quantify the contribution of imbalances between atmospheric evaporative demand and soil moisture to maize yield damage in the US Midwest. We show that retrospective yield predictions based on the interactions between atmospheric demand and soil moisture significantly outperform those using temperature and precipitation singly or together. The importance of accounting for this water balance is highlighted by the fact that climate simulations uniformly predict increases in atmospheric demand during the growing season but the trend in root-zone soil moisture varies between models, with some models indicating that yield damages associated with increased evaporative demand are moderated by increased water supply. A damage estimate conditioned only on simulated changes in atmospheric demand, as opposed to also accounting for changes in soil moisture, would erroneously indicate approximately twice the damage. This research demonstrates that more accurate predictions of maize yield can be achieved by using soil moisture data and indicates that accurate estimates of how climate change will influence crop yields require explicitly accounting for variations in water availability.

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“…This occurred during the latter part of grain‐fill and probably had little effect on N nutrition and grain yield. Kaur et al (2016) found that 1‐d waterlogging had little effect on corn growth, whereas flooding durations of 3 and 7 d caused reduction in corn grain yields of 21 and 36% compared with non‐flood control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…When high soil moisture conditions are imposed on poorly drained soils, corn grain yield potential and fertilizer recovery are reduced (Torbert et al, 1993; Kaur et al, 2016). Welch et al (1971) found no differences in corn grain yield response between preplant (PP) and sidedress (SD) N applications in 3 of 4 yr on poorly drained Illinois soils; however, in a year of above‐normal June rainfall, corn yields with SD‐N were greater than with PP‐N; indicating greater losses of PP‐N when climatic conditions conducive to N loss occurred.…”

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confidence: 99%

Supplemental Nitrogen Applications on Corn in Lower Mississippi River Delta Alluvial Soils

Mascagni

Tubaña

Dalen

2018

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Core Ideas Corn optimal N rate on two alluvial soils ranged from 200 to 265 kg N ha−1. Supplemental N applied at early silk increases corn grain yield on two alluvial soils. Relative chlorophyll readings did not consistently diagnose need for supplemental N. Nitrogen deficiency may occur late in the corn (Zea mays L.) growing season due to N fertilizer loss, particularly on poorly drained clay soils, or increased plant demand. Results from field trials conducted from 2006 to 2014 at the Northeast Research Station, St. Joseph, LA, were summarized to evaluate the influence of supplemental N (SN) on corn at early silk (R1). Four non‐irrigated and eight irrigated trials on Sharkey clay (Vertic Haplaquept) and six trials on the Commerce silt loam (Aeric Fluvaquent) were evaluated. Early season N (ESN) rates of a no‐N control plus 200, 235, 265, and 300 kg N ha−1 on Sharkey clay and 135, 170, 200, 235, and 265 kg N ha−1 on Commerce silt loam were applied after emergence. Additionally, a SN application of 65 kg N ha−1 was applied along with one of the ESN rates at R1. Grain yield was maximized at 200 to 265 kg N ha−1 on Sharkey clay and 200 kg N ha−1 on Commerce silt loam soil. Averaged across years, SN significantly increased grain yield of corn on irrigated Sharkey clay and non‐irrigated Commerce silt loam soils by 16 and 10%, respectively. The SN application at R1 may be effective if N is deficient; however, in many cases, there were no grain yield differences between the SN and the equivalent ESN rate. Relative chlorophyll reading was not reflective of the need for SN at R1, perhaps due to the significant changes on environmental factors post R1 until harvest.

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Soil Waterlogging and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Effects on Corn and Soybean Yields

Cited by 85 publications

References 38 publications

Early-Season Soil Waterlogging and N Fertilizer Sources Impacts on Corn N Uptake and Apparent N Recovery Efficiency

Early-Season Soil Waterlogging and N Fertilizer Sources Impacts on Corn N Uptake and Apparent N Recovery Efficiency

Combined influence of soil moisture and atmospheric evaporative demand is important for accurately predicting US maize yields

Supplemental Nitrogen Applications on Corn in Lower Mississippi River Delta Alluvial Soils

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