Soil Xenobiotics and Their Phyto-chemical Remediation

Salem, Haythum M.S.; Abdel-Salam, Ali; Abdelsalam, Mohamed; Seleiman, Mahmoud F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47744-2_18

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This enhancement of microbial functional resistance in forest mixtures could be attributed to a higher number of microbial interactions, which primarily carry positive plant–microbe feedbacks (Prada-Salcedo et al, 2021a ). Our results revealed that forest composition has a greater relationship with specific pathways, like xenobiotic metabolism, suggesting that more diverse forests could take up xenobiotics at enhanced rates and through different paths (Salem et al, 2017 ; Desai et al, 2019 ). Similarly, the higher response of secondary metabolism biosynthesis in top soils with higher evergreen proportions could induce more heterogeneous microenvironments with greater opportunities for interactions and competition that trigger the production of secondary metabolites (Sharrar et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effects of Tree Composition and Soil Depth on Structure and Functionality of Belowground Microbial Communities in Temperate European Forests

Prada-Salcedo

Heintz‐Buschart

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Depending on their tree species composition, forests recruit different soil microbial communities. Likewise, the vertical nutrient gradient along soil profiles impacts these communities and their activities. In forest soils, bacteria and fungi commonly compete, coexist, and interact, which is challenging for understanding the complex mechanisms behind microbial structuring. Using amplicon sequencing, we analyzed bacterial and fungal diversity in relation to forest composition and soil depth. Moreover, employing random forest models, we identified microbial indicator taxa of forest plots composed of either deciduous or evergreen trees, or their mixtures, as well as of three soil depths. We expected that forest composition and soil depth affect bacterial and fungal diversity and community structure differently. Indeed, relative abundances of microbial communities changed more across soil depths than in relation to forest composition. The microbial Shannon diversity was particularly affected by soil depth and by the proportion of evergreen trees. Our results also reflected that bacterial communities are primarily shaped by soil depth, while fungi were influenced by forest tree species composition. An increasing proportion of evergreen trees did not provoke differences in main bacterial metabolic functions, e.g., carbon fixation, degradation, or photosynthesis. However, significant responses related to specialized bacterial metabolisms were detected. Saprotrophic, arbuscular mycorrhizal, and plant pathogenic fungi were related to the proportion of evergreen trees, particularly in topsoil. Prominent microbial indicator taxa in the deciduous forests were characterized to be r-strategists, whereas K-strategists dominated evergreen plots. Considering simultaneously forest composition and soil depth to unravel differences in microbial communities, metabolic pathways and functional guilds have the potential to enlighten mechanisms that maintain forest soil functionality and provide resistance against disturbances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Effects of Tree Composition and Soil Depth on Structure and Functionality of Belowground Microbial Communities in Temperate European Forests

Prada-Salcedo

Heintz‐Buschart

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…They are referred to as xenobiotic from the Greek term 'xeno' for strange. The differences between these synthesized organic compounds and their natural parent compounds are the common insertion of halogen atoms (chlorine, fluorine and bromine) or multivalent non-metal atoms (such as sulphur or nitrogen) into the structures (Calabrese & Baldwin, 1998;Salem et al, 2017). Because these xenobiotic compounds contain types of atoms in locations that do not occur in natural compounds, organisms have not evolved adequate pathways of biotransformation to metabolize them.…”

Section: Xenobiotic Organic Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of soil on human health: an overview

Steffan

Brevik

Burgess

et al. 2017

European J Soil Science

263

111

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Summary Soil has a considerable effect on human health, whether those effects are positive or negative, direct or indirect. Soil is an important source of nutrients in our food supply and medicines such as antibiotics. However, nutrient imbalances and the presence of human pathogens in the soil biological community can cause negative effects on health. There are also many locations where various elements or chemical compounds are found in soil at toxic levels because of either natural conditions or anthropogenic activities. The soils of urban environments have received increased attention in the last few years, and they too pose a number of human health questions and challenges. Concepts such as soil security may provide a framework within which issues on soil and human health can be investigated using interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches. It will take the contributions of experts in several different scientific, medical and social science fields to address fully soil and human health issues. Although much progress was made in understanding links between soil and human health over the last century, there is still much that we do not know about the complex interactions between them. Therefore, there is still a considerable need for research in this important area. Highlights Soil is important to human health. Effects can be positive or negative, direct or indirect. Advances have been made in recent years. Inter‐ and trans‐disciplinary research is needed.

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“…In an attempt to solve the problem of weeds and pests, the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals is gradually affecting soil diversity, mineral composition, the maintenance of soil structural properties, and overall health. The concerns about the potential negative impacts on human and wildlife health are justified, and the questions about the tightening of current legislation are appropriate [ 9 ]. As we have already indicated, the widespread adoption of mechanization, irrigation techniques, and novel agricultural practices a couple of years ago resulted in increasing gains in the production of agricultural crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Toxic Effects of Neonicotinoid Insecticides with a Focus on Acetamiprid: A Review

Zuščíková,

Bažány,

Greifová

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Recently, neonicotinoids have become the fastest-growing class of insecticides in conventional crop protection, with extensive usage against a wide range of sucking and chewing pests. Neonicotinoids are widely used due to their high toxicity to invertebrates, simplicity, flexibility with which they may be applied, and lengthy persistence, and their systemic nature ensures that they spread to all sections of the target crop. However, these properties raise the risk of environmental contaminations and potential toxicity to non-target organisms. Acetamiprid is a new generation insecticide, which is a safer alternative for controlling insect pests because of its low toxicity to honeybees. Acetamiprid is intended to target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in insects, but its widespread usage has resulted in negative impacts on non-target animals such as mammals. This review summarizes in vivo and in vitro animal studies that investigated the toxicity of specific neonicotinoids. With summarized data, it can be presumed that certain concentrations of neonicotinoids in the reproductive system cause oxidative stress in the testis; spermatogenesis disruption; spermatozoa degradation; interruptions to endocrine function and Sertoli and Leydig cell function. In the female reproductive system, acetamiprid evokes pathomorphological alterations in follicles, along with metabolic changes in the ovaries.

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Soil Xenobiotics and Their Phyto-chemical Remediation

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of Tree Composition and Soil Depth on Structure and Functionality of Belowground Microbial Communities in Temperate European Forests

Effects of Tree Composition and Soil Depth on Structure and Functionality of Belowground Microbial Communities in Temperate European Forests

The effect of soil on human health: an overview

Screening of Toxic Effects of Neonicotinoid Insecticides with a Focus on Acetamiprid: A Review

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