Soils of temperate rainforests of the North American Pacific Coast

Carpenter, Dunbar N.; Bockheim, James G.; Reich, Paul F.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.023

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The SOC content of the mixed forest in our study was similar to that of undisturbed Douglas-fir plantations in the Pacific Northwest that had established on glacial till and medium soil nutrient regime (7.1 kg•Cm −2 to 20.1 kg•Cm −2 to 1 m depth) (Carpenter et al, 2014). The SOC content (30 cm depth) in the mixed forest was higher than in the coniferous and alder forest.…”

Section: Disturbance Legacies On Soc Stockssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In the Pacific Northwest, it has been reported Open Access that these ecosystems can store up to 289 Mg/ha, compared to 196 Mg/ha in tropical rainforests and 130 Mg/ha in boreal forests (Bhatti et al, 2002;Carpenter et al, 2014). Thus, coastal temperate rainforests are good candidates for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (Black et al, 2008;Carpenter et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The particular combination of climatic, ecological and pedological factors of these forests is of major advantage in the context of climate change (Black et al, 2008). Although it has been recognized that soils play a critical role in carbon storage (Doetterl et al, 2015) and that coastal temperate forests have considerable potential to sequester SOC (Carpenter et al, 2014), studies related to SOC stocks and stability are scarce in these ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Disturbance Legacy on Soil Carbon Stocks and Stability within a Coastal Temperate Forest of Southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Defrenne¹,

Wilson²,

Simard³

et al. 2016

OJF

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Section: Disturbance Legacies On Soc Stockssupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Disturbance Legacy on Soil Carbon Stocks and Stability within a Coastal Temperate Forest of Southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Defrenne¹,

Wilson²,

Simard³

et al. 2016

OJF

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“…Basic distinctions and patterns in fungal stoichiometry such as these have only recently been characterized, and there is a need for further testing of nutrient relationships by fungal guild over a range of abiotic conditions (Zhang & Elser, 2017). Temperate coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest (USA and Canada) encompass a wide amplitude in soil N regimes through a combination of contrasting parent materials, topography and climate (Carpenter et al, 2014). In addition, the more humid, coniferous rainforests of the Pacific west coast have undergone accelerated podzolization (Sanborn et al, 2011), resulting in sharp reductions in soil inorganic P availability due to strong sorption with reactive (iron and aluminum oxides) soil components (Preston & Trofymow, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp stoichiometry (C : N : P) across temperate rainforests as evidence of shared nutrient constraints among symbionts

2018

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Quantifying nutritional dynamics of free-living saprotrophs and symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi in the field is challenging, but the stoichiometry of fruiting bodies (sporocarps) may be an effective methodology for this purpose. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations of soils, foliage and 146 sporocarp collections were analyzed from 14 Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii stands across a podzolization gradient on Vancouver Island (Canada). N and P concentrations were considerably higher in saprotrophic fungi. Fungal N% increased with soil N content at a greater rate for saprotrophs than ectomycorrhizal fungi, while fungal P% of saprotrophs was more constrained. Fungal N : P was more responsive to soil N : P for ectomycorrhizal fungi (homeostatic regulation coefficient 'H' = 2.9) than saprotrophs (H = 5.9), while N : P of ectomycorrhizal fungi and host tree foliage scaled almost identically. Results underscore the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi as nutrient conduits, supporting host trees, whereas saprotrophs maintain a greater degree of nutritional homeostasis. Site nutrient constraints were shared in equal measure between ectomycorrhizal fungi and host trees, particularly for P, suggesting neither partner benefits from enhanced nutrition at the expense of the other. Sporocarp stoichiometry provides new insights into mycorrhizal relationships and illustrates pervasive P deficiencies across temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest.

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“…Temperate forests of the Pacific coast of North America include some of the most productive, N-rich ecosystems in the world (Carpenter et al 2014), with EcM tree hosts, such as coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii), occupying wide gradients in site quality over large geographic areas (Littke et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species turnover (β‐diversity) in ectomycorrhizal fungi linked to uptake capacity

et al. 2015

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Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal communities may be shaped by both deterministic and stochastic processes, potentially influencing ecosystem development and function. We evaluated community assembly processes for EcM fungi of Pseudotsuga menziesii among 12 sites up to 400 km apart in southwest British Columbia (Canada) by investigating species turnover (β-diversity) in relation to soil nitrogen (N) availability and physical distance. We then examined functional traits for an N-related niche by quantifying net fluxes of NH4+, NO3- and protons on excised root tips from three contrasting sites using a microelectrode ion flux measurement system. EcM fungal communities were well aligned with soil N availability and pH, with no effect of site proximity (distance-decay curve) on species assemblages. Species turnover was significant (β(1/2) = 1.48) along soil N gradients, with many more Tomentella species on high N than low N soils, in contrast to Cortinarius species. Ammonium uptake was greatest in the spring on the medium and rich sites and averaged over 190 nmol/m(2)/s for Tomentella species. The lowest uptake rates of NH4+ were by nonmycorrhizal roots of axenically grown seedlings (10 nmol/m(2)/s), followed by Cortinarius species (60 nmol/m(2)/s). EcM roots from all sites displayed only marginal uptake of nitrate (8.3 nmol/m(2)/s). These results suggest NH4+ uptake capacity is an important functional trait influencing the assembly of EcM fungal communities. The diversity of EcM fungal species across the region arguably provides critical belowground adaptations to organic and inorganic N supply that are integral to temperate rainforest ecology.

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Soils of temperate rainforests of the North American Pacific Coast

Cited by 23 publications

References 66 publications

Disturbance Legacy on Soil Carbon Stocks and Stability within a Coastal Temperate Forest of Southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Disturbance Legacy on Soil Carbon Stocks and Stability within a Coastal Temperate Forest of Southwestern British Columbia, Canada

Saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarp stoichiometry (C : N : P) across temperate rainforests as evidence of shared nutrient constraints among symbionts

Species turnover (β‐diversity) in ectomycorrhizal fungi linked to uptake capacity

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