Soils on the Late Triassic carbonate rocks in the West Karavanke Mountains and the high plateaus of the Julian Alps (Slovenia)

Abstract

Izvle~ekAnalize zrnavosti, mineralne sestave težke in lahke frakcije ter strukture povr{in kremenovih zrn tal na razli~ni karbonatni podlagi na obmo~ju Zahodnih Karavank in visokih planot Julijskih Alp (Mežakla, Pokljuka, Jelovica) so razkrile njihov poligenetski nastanek. Homogenost sestave težkih mineralov v tleh na razli~nih mati~nih karbonatnih kamninah kaže, da je v sestavi mineralne komponente tal, poleg avtohtonega materiala (netopnega ostanka karbonatnih kamnin) prisoten tudi alohtoni (prinesen) material. Združba težkih mineralov kaže na metamorfnomagmatsko primarno izvorno obmo~je, ki je najverjetneje v Centralnih Alpah, od koder naj bi material prena{al Dravski ledenik in ga odložil v tilih vzdolž Dravske doline. Po umiku ledu koncem würma so bili ti izpostavljeni re~ni in eolski eroziji. Severni vetrovi so prena{ali pretežno meljasti material tudi preko grebena Karavank. Ta se je za~el odlagati na njihovih južnih, zavetrnih pobo~jih in sedlih ter je segal proti jugu vsaj na obmo~je visokih planot Julijskih Alp, verjetno pa {e dalje. AbstractGrain-size analysis, mineral composition of heavy and light fraction, and surface texture of quartz grains in soils developed on different parent carbonate rocks in the region of the West Karavanke Mountains and the high plateaus of the Julian Alps (Mežakla, Pokljuka, Jelovica) revealed their polygenetic origin. Homogeneity of the heavy mineral assemblage in the soils developed on different parent carbonate rocks indicates -besides autochthonous material (insoluble residue of carbonate rocks), the presence of allochthonous (external) material in the composition of mineral component of soils, too. Heavy mineral assemblage indicates a metamorphic-igneous source area, which is most probably in the Central Alps. The Drava glacier transported material from there, and deposited it in tilles along the Drava valley. They were exposed to the fluvial and eolian erosion after the Würm deglaciation. Mostly silty material was transported over the ridges of the Karavanke Mountains by the northeren winds. Their deposition began on the southern calm and protected slopes and saddles, and continued southward on high plateaus of the Julian Alps, and very possibly even farther. Uvod in oblikovanje hipotezeMed leti 1987 in 1990 smo podrobno geolo{ko kartirali slovensko (južno) stran Karavank. Namen kartiranja v merilu 1 : 5000 je bil tem bolje spoznati geolo{ko zgradbo, da bi uspe{neje napovedovali geolo{ke razmere med napredovanjem karavan{kega cestnega predora. Na{o pozornost so takrat pritegnila ve~ sto kvadratnih metrov velika obmo~ja, sklenjeno porasla z gosto travo, z rahlo valovitim povr{jem. Tak{na obmo~ja se pojavljajo predvsem v sedlih vr{nega grebena.Razlikujejo se od ostalih delov pobo~ij, ki jih pokrivajo tanka tla, apnen~eve skale in gru{~ s {opi trave. Na Belski planini je ta talni pokrov debel ve~ kot meter in so na ravnih predelih pastirji vanj izkopali plitve kotanje -kale, kamor se, zaradi neprepustne podlage, nabira deževnica za napajanje živine (sl. 1). Na sedlu me...

Multi‐proxy reconstruction of the Holocene vegetation and land use dynamics in the Julian Alps, north‐west Slovenia

“…After the Wurm deglaciation the area was subjected to deposition of aeolian silty material coming mainly from the glacially and wind‐eroded metamorphic–igneous rocks, most probably from the central eastern Alps (Skaberne et al , 2009). The mineralogical composition of the aeolian material investigated in soils by Skaberne et al (2009) is quite similar to our samples; namely, it consists of quartz, albite, muscovite, clays and also some heavy minerals like amphiboles, pyroxenes and granates. As in other parts of the Alps (Tinner et al , 1996; Pini, 2002; Ilyashuk et al , 2009; Finsinger et al , 2021), the vegetation around the lake (Fig.…”