Sol‐Gel Materials Used in Phosphoproteomics and Glycoproteomics Applications

Abstract

Glycosylation and phosphorylation are two of the most commonly seen and important post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. Both play key role in many vital biological processes. Mass spectrometry is the most favored technique used for monitoring the dynamics of PTMs. Mass spectrometric analysis of phosphopeptide and glycopeptide is a crucial step in phosphoproteomics and glycoproteomics to understand the role of these modifications in the cellular pathways. Enrichment and purification of (phosphoand glyco-) peptides and glycans are recommended prior to mass spectrometric analysis because of the lower amount of modified peptides in a peptide mixture. Herein, we present titanium/silica and zirconium/silica sol-gel materials for the enrichment of (phospho-and glyco-) peptides and glycans to enhance MALDI-MS analysis performance. Enrichment of (phospho-and glyco-) peptides was successfully applied using standard proteins including β-casein, fetuin, and IgG as well as some complex medium. The solgel materials were compared with commercial metal oxides regarding their modified peptide enrichment performances.