Sol gel preparation of mixed cerium—titanium oxide thin films

Influence of aging and composition of the precursor sol on the properties of CeO2–TiO2 thin films for electrochromic applications

“…However, Stangar et al [7] have proposed better electrochemical reversibility in CeO 2 films in relation to CeO 2 -TiO 2 films and demonstrated the reversed behavior in LiOH aqueous electrolyte. Keomany et al [8] have attributed it to protons getting adsorbed differently at the surface of CeO 2 and TiO 2 or alternately to difference in filmÕs structure being formed from different cerium precursors namely a Ce(IV) and Ce(III) salt, respectively. Keomany et al have prepared CeO 2 -TiO 2 films by a sol-gel process involving alkoxides, Ce(OBu s ) 4 and Ti(OBu n ) 4 in butanol [8].…”

“…Keomany et al [8] have attributed it to protons getting adsorbed differently at the surface of CeO 2 and TiO 2 or alternately to difference in filmÕs structure being formed from different cerium precursors namely a Ce(IV) and Ce(III) salt, respectively. Keomany et al have prepared CeO 2 -TiO 2 films by a sol-gel process involving alkoxides, Ce(OBu s ) 4 and Ti(OBu n ) 4 in butanol [8]. It was found that films with composition ranging from 25% to 50% of CeO 2 exhibit higher diffusion coefficient of lithium ions.…”

“…Granqvist and coworkers [13] have concluded the films prepared by sputtering technique with the Ce/Ti atom ratio varying in the range of 0.3 and 0.6 to be characterized by nearly zero coloration efficiency. Mixed CeO 2 -TiO 2 [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] films allow better Li ion intercalation kinetics than in pure CeO 2 films.…”

Derivation of the optical constants of spin coated CeO2–TiO2–ZrO2 thin films prepared by sol–gel route

“…The color of the resulting solution was deep red. Its color was changed to transparent pale yellow during aging, indicating a reduction of cerium (IV) by ethanol [13].…”

Sol-Gel derived CeO2:TiO2 coatings for electrochromic devices

“…Films based on CeO2 are ultraviolet radiation absorbers. Cerium oxide has been thoroughly investigated as a counter electrode in ECDs, but slow reaction kinetics [3] of pure CeO2 films led to investigation of substituting cerium atoms partially by an element of smaller ionic radius in order to modify the basic structure. These include materials such as Ti, Zr, V, Sn, Mo and Si individually or their mixtures [4][5][6][7][8].…”