Sol-gel processing of lithium disilicate

Acid catalyst concentration effect on structure and ion relaxation studies of Li2O–P2O5–B2O3–SiO2 glasses synthesized by sol–gel process

“…The intense band observed at 1101 cm À1 is ascribed to the combination of P-O stretching vibration of P-O-P and P-O-Si bridging units associated with polymeric sheet structure and also may be due to the stretching mode of Si-O-Si. The band at 933 cm À1 may be assigned to Si-O stretching vibration of Si-O-Si and P-O-Si bridging units [17][18][19][20]. The FTIR band at 813 cm À1 could be assigned to the symmetric stretching of Si-O, bending motions of P-O-P, Si-O-P and O-P-O units.…”

“…The FTIR band at 813 cm À1 could be assigned to the symmetric stretching of Si-O, bending motions of P-O-P, Si-O-P and O-P-O units. The band at 462 cm À1 is due to Si-O-Si and O-Si-O bending vibration mode [3,[19][20][21][22][23]. The shoulder at 594 cm À1 may be assigned to the B-O vibration of BO À 3 unit connected to SiO 4 .…”

Lithium-silicate sol–gel bioactive glass and the effect of lithium precursor on structure–property relationships

“…The citrate fully decomposed at 400°C, whereas a temperature of 500°C was required for nitrate decomposition. It has already been observed that, when nitrate is present during the synthesis of lithium-silicate gels, the temperature of crystallisation offset significantly decreased [22,34]. In addition, a large excess of water, corresponding to a water to TEOS molar ratio above 15, also lowered the crystallisation temperature and favoured the formation of lithium metasilicate [34].…”

The effect of aluminum sources on synthesis of low expansion glass–ceramics in lithia–alumina–silica system by sol–gel route

“…However, the inorganic salts existing in the interstices of Si-O network are prone to aggregate which introduces the upset of the local stoichiometry [13]. As a consequence, the molecular level mixing occurred in the raw sol developed to the particles level mixing in the dry gel, resulting in the formation of local lithium or aluminum-rich and lithium or aluminum-poor regions.…”