Sol–gel synthesis of insensitive nitrated bacterial cellulose/cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine nano-energetic composites and its thermal decomposition property

Chen, Ling; Nan, Fengqiang; Li, Qiang; Zhang, Jianwei; Jin, Guorui; Wang, Moru; Cao, Xiang; Liu, Jie; He, Weidong

doi:10.1007/s10570-022-04730-3

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Therefore, there is a chance to use all these CN samples as an energetic binder gel matrix. For instance, contemporary studies [31,32,35] described a method of incorporating energetic compounds into a nanogel binder matrix based on CN BC exhibiting a three-dimensional network structure. Hence, owing to the unique network structure, the non-flowing acetonogels and high-viscosity acetonogel solutions of CN BC obtained in this study can be used as a standalone energetic gel matrix, as well as a platform for composites if combined with other energetic materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis of CNs requires that cellulose-concomitant components be removed from plant raw materials, and these processes inflict environmental damage [21]. Research has focused on finding new energetic materials [22][23][24] with a high purity and a unique reticulate nanostructure [25,26] concerning nanocellulose [27][28][29] and, most notably, bacterial cellulose (BC) as the leader among the nanocelluloses [30][31][32], has presently reached its highest demand [33][34][35][36][37]. The broad application prospects and benefits of nanocellulose nitrate-based energetic materials were overviewed back in 2014 [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broad application prospects and benefits of nanocellulose nitrate-based energetic materials were overviewed back in 2014 [38]. Nanocellulose nitrates have a high demand in the manufacture of ionizing radiation detectors, bioindicators, biosensors, chips, semipermeable membranes, selective sorbents, and adhesives for electronic applications [2,35,39,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial works on the synthesis of CN from BC (CN BC) were described as early as 2006 [22] and 2010 [23]. The next wave of larger and more extensive studies on CN BC started in 2018 [24] and continues to the present [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] because CN BC has several advantages over plant-based cellulose nitrates, in particular, its high stability due to the ultrafine, high-purity, reticulate fibrous structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose Nitrates-Blended Composites from Bacterial and Plant-Based Celluloses

Gismatulina,

Budaeva

2024

Polymers

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Cellulose nitrates (CNs)-blended composites based on celluloses of bacterial origin (bacterial cellulose (BC)) and plant origin (oat-hull cellulose (OHC)) were synthesized in this study for the first time. Novel CNs-blended composites made of bacterial and plant-based celluloses with different BC-to-OHC mass ratios of 70/30, 50/50, and 30/70 were developed and fully characterized, and two methods were employed to nitrate the initial BC and OHC, and the three cellulose blends: the first method involved the use of sulfuric–nitric mixed acids (MAs), while the second method utilized concentrated nitric acid in the presence of methylene chloride (NA + MC). The CNs obtained using these two nitration methods were found to differ between each other, most notably, in viscosity: the samples nitrated with NA + MC had an extremely high viscosity of 927 mPa·s through to the formation of an immobile transparent acetonogel. Irrespective of the nitration method, the CN from BC (CN BC) was found to exhibit a higher nitrogen content than the CN from OHC (CN OHC), 12.20–12.32% vs. 11.58–11.60%, respectively. For the starting BC itself, all the cellulose blends of the starting celluloses and their CNs were detected using the SEM technique to have a reticulate fiber nanostructure. The cellulose samples and their CNs were detected using the IR spectroscopy to have basic functional groups. TGA/DTA analyses of the starting cellulose samples and the CNs therefrom demonstrated that the synthesized CN samples were of high purity and had high specific heats of decomposition at 6.14–7.13 kJ/g, corroborating their energy density. The CN BC is an excellent component with in-demand energetic performance; in particular, it has a higher nitrogen content while having a stable nanostructure. The CN BC was discovered to have a positive impact on the stability, structure, and energetic characteristics of the composites. The presence of CN OHC can make CNs-blended composites cheaper. These new CNs-blended composites made of bacterial and plant celluloses are much-needed in advanced, high-performance energetic materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellulose Nitrates-Blended Composites from Bacterial and Plant-Based Celluloses

Gismatulina,

Budaeva

2024

Polymers

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“…Therefore, nanostructures with specific sizes and shapes can be formed in situ through reduction, [ 43 ] precipitation, [ 44 ] or sol‐gel reactions. [ 45 ] Carbonization is another common chemical modification strategy. During a carbonization process, BC is pyrolyzed at a high temperature in an inert atmosphere to remove hydrogen and oxygen.…”

Section: Structures and Processing Methods Of Bcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Hierarchical Structure–Property–Application Relationships of Advanced Bacterial Cellulose Materials

Chen

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an environmentally friendly biomaterial that is widely investigated because it possesses a unique hierarchical nanofiber network structure as well as extraordinary performance. In this review, the formation of the BC hierarchical nanofiber network structure from the perspective of biosynthesis is illustrated based on its basic chemical and crystal structure. Moreover, the design and processing of BC-based advanced materials through biosynthesis, physical, and/or chemical modification are also reviewed. The intrinsic characteristics of BC, derived from its hierarchical structure, are analyzed to understand its structure-property-application relationships. The applications of advanced BC-based materials are reviewed, such as high-strength structural materials utilizing the properties of nanofibers, energy conversion and storage, bioelectronic interfaces, environmental remediation, and thermal management applications utilizing the ion transport properties and 3D network structures of these materials. In addition, the authors also offer their opinions and potential future research directions for sustainably developing BC-based materials.

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