2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.09.048
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Sol–gel synthesis of p-type zinc oxide using aluminium nitrate and ammonia

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Cited by 9 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Several procedures and methods have previously been reported on the synthesis of ZnO NPs with the aim of improving the chemical and physical behaviours. Such include microwave assisted method [10], thermal evaporation method [11], thermal decomposition method [12], spray pyrolysis [13], chemical vapour deposition [14], hydrothermal growth [15], sol gel technique [16], precipitation method. Insipid that, most of these methods have difficulties in applying for large scale production due to the complicated procedure, high temperature involved, a longer period of reaction, toxic chemical reagent and by product release to the immediate environment at the end of the experiments.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several procedures and methods have previously been reported on the synthesis of ZnO NPs with the aim of improving the chemical and physical behaviours. Such include microwave assisted method [10], thermal evaporation method [11], thermal decomposition method [12], spray pyrolysis [13], chemical vapour deposition [14], hydrothermal growth [15], sol gel technique [16], precipitation method. Insipid that, most of these methods have difficulties in applying for large scale production due to the complicated procedure, high temperature involved, a longer period of reaction, toxic chemical reagent and by product release to the immediate environment at the end of the experiments.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many elements have been selected as the dopant to obtain a more stable p-type ZnO semiconductor, such as N [ 20 , 21 ], P [ 22 ], As [ 23 ], Sb [ 23 ], Cu [ 24 ], Li [ 25 ], Na [ 26 ], Ag [ 27 ], and Au [ 28 ]. In addition, a multi-element co-dopant has also been used to improve the acceptor concentration [ 29 , 30 ] and to increase the whole concentration so as to compensate the intrinsic defect. But this makes the doping theory become complex.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%