Solanum linnaeanum and Solanum sisymbriifolium as a sustainable strategy for the management of Meloidogyne chitwoodi

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp., are important crop pests that cause severe losses in crop production worldwide, reducing both productivity and crop quality. Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo & Finley, 1980 is considered a quarantine organism by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) causing damage in tomato and potato crops. The development of nonchemical and sustainable management strategies to reduce nematode damage is crucial. The resistance of Solanum linnaeanum Hepper & P.-M.L. Jaeger and S. sisymbriifolium Lamarck cv. Sis 6001 to M. chitwoodi was evaluated based on gall index (GI), the Bridge & Page (1980) rating chart and reproduction factor (RF). Both plant species were resistant to M. chitwoodi. Solanum linnaeanum had an average of 519 small root swellings/plant, with 45% adult nematodes inside the roots, all males. Solanum sisymbriifolium had GI ≤ 2 and RF ≤ 1 with a high percentage (69%) of nematodes inside the roots that did not develop beyond the sexually undifferentiated second-stage. The use of S. linnaeanum as a new source of resistance is a good alternative for the control of RKN in the quest to develop nonchemical and sustainable management strategies to protect crops.

Management of potato cyst nematodes with special focus on biological control and trap cropping strategies

“…Among these, S. linnaeanum did not allow M. chitwoodi to form females and yielded 100% males however very few females were noted in S. sisymbriifolium roots. This study suggested that S. linnaeanum can be used as a new source of resistance against M. chitwoodi 148 . However, the establishment of these crops under field conditions needs to be evaluated before their inclusion in an integrated nematode management programme against nematodes infecting potatoes.…”

“…This study suggested that S. linnaeanum can be used as a new source of resistance against M. chitwoodi. 148 However, the establishment of these crops under field conditions needs to be evaluated before their inclusion in an integrated nematode management programme against nematodes infecting potatoes. Additionally, the host status of S. linnaeanum against PCN needs further investigation.…”

Evaluation of Solanum linnaeanum and S. sisymbriifolium extracts for the management of Meloidogyne chitwoodi

“…Many wild Solanum species display resistance to Meloidogyne spp. [ [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] ]. Solanum sisymbriifolium , originating from South America, with effects on several PPN species, and S. linnaeanum , native to South Africa and present in the South of Portugal, are two wild Solanum species [ [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] ].…”

Observations on the interaction between plant growth‐promoting bacteria and the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica

“…These types of RKN, including Meloidogyne javanica , are economically important PPN. They are responsible for significant crop yield losses, in particular with tomato plants, which are among the major vegetable crops grown and consumed worldwide (Perpétuo et al, 2021 ). In terms of controlling PPN crop infections including from RKN, currently, there are many sustainable practices and strategies employed including crop rotation, growing resistant varieties (Palomares‐Rius et al, 2021 ), and biological control (Pulavarty et al, 2020 ).…”