Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements

Vignola, Frank; Michalsky, Joseph; Stoffel, T.

doi:10.1201/b22306

Cited by 36 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…The radiation quantities at the earth's surface are classified into two groups according to their origin and spectral nature, namely solar (also called short-wave) and terrestrial (also called long-wave) radiation. Since the spectral distributions of solar and terrestrial radiation overlap very little, they are usually measured and treated separately (WMO, 2008;Vignola et al, 2012).…”

Section: Radiation Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…-The net radiation (NETRAD), that is defined and will be calculated as the algebraic sum of the incoming shortwave radiation, the outgoing short-wave radiation, the incoming long-wave radiation, and the outgoing long-wave radiation (Vignola et al, 2012):…”

Section: Photosynthetically Active Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various properties of pyranometers are of concern when evaluating the uncertainty and quality of radiation measurements: (a) resolution, as the smallest detectable change; (b) stability, as the resistance to response degradation that occurs mainly as a consequence of exposure to ultraviolet radiation that change the absorptivity of the receiver over time, leading to a decrease in sensor sensitivity typically between 0.5 and 1.0% per year; (c) non-linearity, which is the deviation of the sensor sensitivity as the irradiance level increase or decrease; (d) the dependence of the sensor sensitivity upon elevation and azimuth angle of incidence, which should ideally be a Lambert's cosine response, proportional to the cosine of the incident angle; (e) temperature response, as the change in sensitivity as instrument temperature changes; (f) thermal offset that corresponds to a subtle thermal loss mechanism that lower the detector temperature with respect to the body, resulting in a negative signal that affects thermopile pyranometers; (g) spectral response, as the deviation from a flat response over the spectrum, which is largely determined by the spectral transmission of the domes and the spectral absorption of the detector coating. These properties are discussed more in details in Vignola et al (2012) and WMO (2008).…”

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Short-wave Radiation (Sw_in And Sw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The short-wave cutoff frequency is generally at 3-5 µm and the long-wave cutoff at 30-50 µm. The net flux of infrared radiation at the exposed junction of the thermopile is the sum of long-wave irradiance intended to be measured and others radiation terms emitted or reflected by the dome and the thermopile (Vignola et al, 2012). As a consequence, the pyrgeometer equations for calculating the incident long-wave irradiance (L) are expressed as functions of measured thermopile output voltage (V tp ) and measured temperature (i.e.…”

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (Lw_in And Lw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some pyrgeometers are designed to minimize the difference in temperature between the dome and the pyrgeometer body, which removes the last term of Eq. (8), making the measurement and calibration simpler (Vignola et al, 2012):…”

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (Lw_in And Lw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations

Carrara¹,

Kolari²,

Beeck³

et al. 2018

International Agrophysics

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Solar radiation is a key driver of energy and carbon fluxes in natural ecosystems. Radiation measurements are essential for interpreting ecosystem scale greenhouse gases and energy fluxes as well as many other observations performed at ecosystem stations of the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS). We describe and explain the relevance of the radiation variables that are monitored continuously at ICOS ecosystem stations and define recommendations to perform these measurements with consistent and comparable accuracy. The measurement methodology and instruments are described including detailed technical specifications. Guidelines for instrumental set up as well as for operation, maintenance and data collection are defined considering both ICOS scientific objectives and practical operational constraints. For measurements of short-wave (solar) and long wave (infrared) radiation components, requirements for the ICOS network are based on available well-defined state-of-the art standards (World Meteorological Organization, International Organization for Standardization). For photosynthetically active radiation measurements, some basic instrumental requirements are based on the performance of commercially available sensors. Since site specific conditions and practical constraints at individual ICOS ecosystem stations may hamper the applicability of standard requirements, we recommend that ICOS develops mid-term coordinated actions to assess the effective level of uncertainties in radiation measurements at the network scale.

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Section: Radiation Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photosynthetically Active Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Short-wave Radiation (Sw_in And Sw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (Lw_in And Lw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incoming and Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (Lw_in And Lw_out)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations

Carrara¹,

Kolari²,

Beeck³

et al. 2018

International Agrophysics

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Introduction

Al‐Waeli

Kazem

Chaichan

et al. 2019

Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems

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A Concise Overview on Solar Resource Assessment and Forecasting

2022

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China’s recently announced directive on tackling climate change, namely, to reach carbon peak by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, has led to an unprecedented nationwide response among the academia and industry. Under such a directive, a rapid increase in the grid penetration rate of solar in the near future can be fully anticipated. Although solar radiation is an atmospheric process, its utilization, as to produce electricity, has hitherto been handled by engineers. In that, it is thought important to bridge the two fields, atmospheric sciences and solar engineering, for the common good of carbon neutrality. In this überreview, all major aspects pertaining to solar resource assessment and forecasting are discussed in brief. Given the size of the topic at hand, instead of presenting technical details, which would be overly lengthy and repetitive, the overarching goal of this review is to comprehensively compile a catalog of some recent, and some not so recent, review papers, so that the interested readers can explore the details on their own.

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Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations

Radiation measurements at ICOS ecosystem stations

Introduction

A Concise Overview on Solar Resource Assessment and Forecasting

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