Solar PV-Based Electric Vehicle Charging Station for Security Bikes: A Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more attractive for a variety of reasons. One of the major advantages of EVs is that they emit fewer polluted gases. Other factors that must be addressed include an increase in fuel prices and a decline in energy resources such as fossil fuels. These characteristics have a greater impact on Pakistan’s clean and green image. Electric vehicles are becoming an attractive option for reducing global fossil fuel usage, as well as CO2 emissions, from road transportation. The electricity required to charge an EV’s battery is commonly sourced from the power grid. When EVs are charged by the electrical grid, there are significant power constraints in the system. To promote renewable energy consumption and reduce CO2 emissions, specific solar system-based charging stations should be designed. Other benefits of renewable energy generation include increased grid flexibility and reduced grid congestion. Moreover, the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, has a huge potential for solar energy. This article investigates the possibility of designing a solar photovoltaic-based EV charging station for security bikes located in the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Before installing a PV charging station, the charging station’s feasibility must be studied. The proposed study also analyzes the power reliability, energy cost, and CO2 emissions of a PV-powered charging station. The proposed system’s outcomes are compared to grid-based charging stations. In comparison to other existing approaches, there is a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including CO2, CO, SO2, and NOX. The proposed study anticipates the economic and environmental benefits of EV charging stations powered by renewable energy resources.

Optimal techno-economic-environmental study of using renewable energy resources for Yanbu city

“…Global warming has caused a significant rise in temperature over the years, leading to changes in climatic conditions throughout the world. The climatic changes have brought new challenges in the form of heavy rains, flooding, and heavy cyclones generally in the entire world and, more specifically, in the countries most vulnerable to abrupt climatic changes (Shafiq et al, 2022).…”

A Novel Doubly-Green Stand-Alone Electric Vehicle Charging Station in Saudi Arabia: An Overview and a Comprehensive Feasibility Study

“…Economically, their results prove the ZnBr battery to be the best choice (utilizing the system) among the considered battery types. The design and performance assessment of a solar-PV powered EVCS for a security bike in Pakistan is investigated in [56] with the results compared to grid-based CSs. The outcomes in [56] further emphasize the expected environmental and financial benefits of the RE sources powered EVCS.…”

“…The design and performance assessment of a solar-PV powered EVCS for a security bike in Pakistan is investigated in [56] with the results compared to grid-based CSs. The outcomes in [56] further emphasize the expected environmental and financial benefits of the RE sources powered EVCS. A summary of the recent research conducted to design and investigate the performance assessment of EVCSs in different parts of the world is given in Table 1.…”

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“…Shafiq et al [ 18 ] investigated the possibility of designing solar PV electric vehicle (EV) charging stations for safe bicycles in Azad Jammu and Kashmir state, Pakistan. They predicted the economic and environmental benefits of charging stations for EVs powered by renewable energy.…”