Solar radiation and courtyard house forms—I. A mathematical model

Mohsen, Morad A.

doi:10.1016/0360-1323(79)90014-3

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It could be concluded that thermal comfort is easily achievable using appropriate design (Ghaffarianhoseini, Berardi, & Ghaffarian, 2015). The aforementioned fact is supported by many research studies on this particular matter (Mohsen, 1979a) (Mohsen, 1979b) (Aldawoud, 2008) (Cantón, Ganem, Barea, & Fernández Llano, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Utilizing central courtyards in Iran dates back to the ancient time (Saljoughinejad & Rashidi Sharifabad, 2015) (Memarian & Brown, 2006) (Safarzadeh & Bahadori, 2005). This type of architecture has also been used by many ancient civilizations (Taleghani, Tenpierik, & van den Dobbelst, 2012) (Saljoughinejad & Rashidi Sharifabad, 2015) (Mohsen, 1979a). The central courtyards are used in order to have access to fresh air and daylight in extreme climates (Sharples & Bensalem, 2001) (Alvarez, Sanchez, & Molina, 1998) (Shao, Walker, & Woolliscroft, 1993) (Sadafi, Salleh, Chin Haw, & Jaafar, 2011) (Hopkinson, Galbraith, Petherbridge, & Longmore, 1966) (Acosta, Navarro, & Sendra, 2014) (Acosta, Navarro, & Sendra, 2013) (Vaisman & Horvat, 2015) (Michael, Heracleous, Thravalou, & Philokyprou, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

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The growing interest in thermal comfort of outdoor environments yields in different analysis on courtyards as a common space between urban and architectural scales. However, there is a limited knowledge regarding the microclimatic behavior of such spaces. Using ENVI-met simulations, this paper aims to numerically discuss the thermal performance of different configurations of traditionally designed courtyards in Shiraz, Iran, which experiences hot summers and cold winters. The geometrical effects such as orientation and H/W (height to width ratio) of courtyards are considered as potential parameters to improve the microclimatic conditions. In this paper, PMV and UTCI are used as thermal comfort indices.The obtained results indicate mean radiant temperature and wind speed as the most effective parameters for thermal comfort of courtyards. In addition, the aforementioned geometrical parameters might not be able to solely create a desirable condition, but they could significantly improve the thermal comfort of courtyards during summer and winter. To achieve a desirable thermal comfort level, the results suggest using configurations of a high H/W rate and southward orientation in order to obtain better shading during summer as well as allowing the solar radiation in while regulating the wind speed in winter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For complex situations in urban settings, several models and analytic methods are documented in the literature (Kaempfert 1949(Kaempfert , 1951Terjung and Louie 1974;Mohsen 1979;Frank et al 1981;Zdunkowski and Brühl 1983;Littlefair 2001;Kanda et al 2004). The way in which radiation fluxes are modified in and around urban structures can be described by the sky view factor, which is also an important parameter for urban climate studies.…”

Section: Importance Of Radiation Fluxes In Human-biometeorological Stmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments—application of the RayMan model

2006

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The most important meteorological parameter affecting the human energy balance during sunny weather conditions is the mean radiant temperature T(mrt). It considers the uniform temperature of a surrounding surface giving off blackbody radiation, which results in the same energy gain of a human body given the prevailing radiation fluxes. This energy gain usually varies considerably in open space conditions. In this paper, the model 'RayMan', used for the calculation of short- and long-wave radiation fluxes on the human body, is presented. The model, which takes complex urban structures into account, is suitable for several applications in urban areas such as urban planning and street design. The final output of the model is, however, the calculated T(mrt), which is required in the human energy balance model, and thus also for the assessment of the urban bioclimate, with the use of thermal indices such as predicted mean vote (PMV), physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) and standard effective temperature (SET*). The model has been developed based on the German VDI-Guidelines 3789, Part II (environmental meteorology, interactions between atmosphere and surfaces; calculation of short- and long-wave radiation) and VDI-3787 (environmental meteorology, methods for the human-biometeorological evaluation of climate and air quality for urban and regional planning. Part I: climate). The validation of the results of the RayMan model agrees with similar results obtained from experimental studies.

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“…Methods for the calculation of long-wave radiation flux densities are also available (Czeplak and Kasten 1987;Salsibury and D'Aria 1992;Diak et al 2000;Nunez et al 2000;Prata 1996;Iziomon and Mayer 2001;Iziomon et al 2003). For complex situations in urban settings, several models and analytic methods are documented in the literature (Kaempfert 1949(Kaempfert , 1951Terjung and Louie 1974;Mohsen 1979;Frank et al 1981;Zdunkowski and Brühl 1983;Littlefair 2001;Kanda et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments: basics of the RayMan model

2009

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Urban planners are increasingly paying more attention to the topic of UHI. Within the framework of the EU-UHI Project, an industrial area inside the municipality of Modena was selected as a pilot-area for the Emilia-Romagna Region. In this paper we present some results obtained with RayMan, a model which estimates bioclimatic discomfort based on the human radiative budget. Some simulations of the impact of mitigation measures have been carried out, taking into account the insertion of greenery and building modifications. Both intra-diurnal and whole day effects have been compared.

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Solar radiation and courtyard house forms—I. A mathematical model

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments—application of the RayMan model

Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments: basics of the RayMan model

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